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<p>Fine volcanic ash can have an adverse health impact. It is readily produced during explosive eruptions but also can be generated in large quantities by secondary processes. We evaluated the production and resuspension of sub-10&#xa0;μm volcanic particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>) by road traffic as these processes may generate an increased respiratory exposure hazard. We conducted experiments on the slopes of Etna volcano, where we drove with a small SUV-type car over an area of road artificially covered with tephra and investigated the resulting grain size distribution (GSD) and concentration of PM<sub>10</sub> in the air as a function of (1) the number of car passages, (2) the starting thickness of the tephra deposit, and (3) vehicle speed. Our data show that increasing the number of car passages, deposit thickness, and vehicle speed rapidly induces a decrease in the GSD of tephra deposits and results in increased airborne PM<sub>10</sub>. We show that vehicles will cause comminution (i.e., reduction to a smaller average particle size) and resuspension of basaltic ash, so local communities can expect that, after an eruption, concentrations of PM<sub>10</sub> may increase with time and affect exposures close to roads.</p>

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Impact of comminution and resuspension of tephra by vehicular activity on ambient PM10 levels in urban areas: insights from a pilot experimental study on Mt. Etna volcano, Italy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Ines Tomašek,
  • Pierre-Yves Tournigand,
  • Daniele Andronico,
  • Valentin Freret-Lorgeril,
  • Julia Eychenne,
  • Rafael Elizondo III,
  • Claire J. Horwell,
  • Ulrich Kueppers,
  • Jordi Van Mieghem,
  • Clara Nuszer,
  • Jacopo Taddeucci,
  • Philippe Claeys,
  • Matthieu Kervyn

摘要

Fine volcanic ash can have an adverse health impact. It is readily produced during explosive eruptions but also can be generated in large quantities by secondary processes. We evaluated the production and resuspension of sub-10 μm volcanic particulate matter (PM10) by road traffic as these processes may generate an increased respiratory exposure hazard. We conducted experiments on the slopes of Etna volcano, where we drove with a small SUV-type car over an area of road artificially covered with tephra and investigated the resulting grain size distribution (GSD) and concentration of PM10 in the air as a function of (1) the number of car passages, (2) the starting thickness of the tephra deposit, and (3) vehicle speed. Our data show that increasing the number of car passages, deposit thickness, and vehicle speed rapidly induces a decrease in the GSD of tephra deposits and results in increased airborne PM10. We show that vehicles will cause comminution (i.e., reduction to a smaller average particle size) and resuspension of basaltic ash, so local communities can expect that, after an eruption, concentrations of PM10 may increase with time and affect exposures close to roads.