<p>For a sequence of Boolean functions <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="21" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="195" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_n : \{-1,1\}^{V_n} \longrightarrow \{-1,1\}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>:</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </msup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">{</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo stretchy="false">}</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, with random input given by some probability measure <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {P}_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, we say that there is sparse reconstruction for <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> if there is a sequence of subsets <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq4.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="62" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U_n \subseteq V_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mo>⊆</mo> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> of coordinates satisfying <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq5.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="100" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(|U_n| = o(|V_n|)\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo>=</mo> <mi>o</mi> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>V</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">|</mo> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> such that knowing the spins in <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq6.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="21" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(U_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>U</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> gives us a non-vanishing amount of information about the value of <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq3.gif" Format="GIF" Height="17" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="19" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(f_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi>f</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>. In the first part of this work, we showed that if the <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="440_2025_1395_Article_IEq2.gif" Format="GIF" Height="16" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="20" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mathbb {P}_n\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msub> <mi mathvariant="double-struck">P</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>s are product measures, then no sparse reconstruction is possible for any sequence of transitive functions. In this sequel, we consider spin systems that are relatives of IID measures in one way or another, with our main focus being on the Ising model on finite transitive graphs or exhaustions of lattices. We prove that no sparse reconstruction is possible for the entire high temperature regime on Euclidean boxes and the Curie-Weiss model, while sparse reconstruction for the majority function of the spins is possible in the critical and low temperature regimes. We give quantitative bounds for two-dimensional boxes and the Curie-Weiss model, sharp in the latter case. The proofs employ several different methods, including factor of IID and FK random cluster representations, strong spatial mixing, a generalization of discrete Fourier analysis to Divide-and-Color models, and entropy inequalities.</p>

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Sparse reconstruction in spin systems II: Ising and other factor of IID measures

  • Pál Galicza,
  • Gábor Pete

摘要

For a sequence of Boolean functions \(f_n : \{-1,1\}^{V_n} \longrightarrow \{-1,1\}\) f n : { - 1 , 1 } V n { - 1 , 1 } , with random input given by some probability measure \(\mathbb {P}_n\) P n , we say that there is sparse reconstruction for \(f_n\) f n if there is a sequence of subsets \(U_n \subseteq V_n\) U n V n of coordinates satisfying \(|U_n| = o(|V_n|)\) | U n | = o ( | V n | ) such that knowing the spins in \(U_n\) U n gives us a non-vanishing amount of information about the value of \(f_n\) f n . In the first part of this work, we showed that if the \(\mathbb {P}_n\) P n s are product measures, then no sparse reconstruction is possible for any sequence of transitive functions. In this sequel, we consider spin systems that are relatives of IID measures in one way or another, with our main focus being on the Ising model on finite transitive graphs or exhaustions of lattices. We prove that no sparse reconstruction is possible for the entire high temperature regime on Euclidean boxes and the Curie-Weiss model, while sparse reconstruction for the majority function of the spins is possible in the critical and low temperature regimes. We give quantitative bounds for two-dimensional boxes and the Curie-Weiss model, sharp in the latter case. The proofs employ several different methods, including factor of IID and FK random cluster representations, strong spatial mixing, a generalization of discrete Fourier analysis to Divide-and-Color models, and entropy inequalities.