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<p>To investigate the mechanism by which melatonin influences melanin production in goat melanocytes, and to provide a theoretical foundation for the genetic principles underlying animal hair color formation, dorsal skin tissues were collected approximately 5&#xa0;cm behind the shoulder of 4-day-old Jiaohe black goats. Melanocytes were localized using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques, isolated from hair follicle tissues through enzyme digestion, and treated with different concentrations of melatonin. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and melanin synthesis were assessed using CCK8, EdU, flow cytometry, and melanin content assays, respectively. Melanocytes were subjected to transcriptome sequencing, differential gene screening, and functional enrichment analyses. The expression of relevant genes and proteins was verified using real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Melanocytes were determined to be located above the hair follicle papilla and in the outer root sheath, and were successfully isolated and cultured. Melatonin inhibited melanocyte proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited melanin synthesis. After RNA sequencing, 952 and 1300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing the two groups respectively, which were mainly enriched in Melanogenesis and the Wnt signaling pathway. Validation experiments confirmed that melatonin inhibited the expression of genes and proteins related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Notably, treatment with an agonist of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway attenuated the inhibitory effect of melatonin. This study reveals that melatonin can reduce melanocyte viability, inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis, reduce melanogenesis, and affect melanin synthesis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the regulatory role of melatonin in hair color formation in animals.</p>

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Regulation of melanin synthesis in goat hair follicles by melatonin through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月25日

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  • Fengjiao Yu,
  • Kaidong Liu,
  • Zipeng Wang,
  • Shasha Wang,
  • Hegang Li,
  • Jinshan Zhao,
  • Xiaoxiao Gao,
  • Jianning He

摘要

To investigate the mechanism by which melatonin influences melanin production in goat melanocytes, and to provide a theoretical foundation for the genetic principles underlying animal hair color formation, dorsal skin tissues were collected approximately 5 cm behind the shoulder of 4-day-old Jiaohe black goats. Melanocytes were localized using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques, isolated from hair follicle tissues through enzyme digestion, and treated with different concentrations of melatonin. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and melanin synthesis were assessed using CCK8, EdU, flow cytometry, and melanin content assays, respectively. Melanocytes were subjected to transcriptome sequencing, differential gene screening, and functional enrichment analyses. The expression of relevant genes and proteins was verified using real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting, respectively. Melanocytes were determined to be located above the hair follicle papilla and in the outer root sheath, and were successfully isolated and cultured. Melatonin inhibited melanocyte proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited melanin synthesis. After RNA sequencing, 952 and 1300 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by comparing the two groups respectively, which were mainly enriched in Melanogenesis and the Wnt signaling pathway. Validation experiments confirmed that melatonin inhibited the expression of genes and proteins related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Notably, treatment with an agonist of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway attenuated the inhibitory effect of melatonin. This study reveals that melatonin can reduce melanocyte viability, inhibit proliferation, promote apoptosis, reduce melanogenesis, and affect melanin synthesis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the regulatory role of melatonin in hair color formation in animals.