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Objective <p>Oncogenic viruses have been implicated in thyroid carcinogenesis, yet their prevalence and clinicopathological associations remain incompletely understood. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and polyomaviruses (JCV and BKV) in thyroid tumors and assess their association with clinic-pathological characteristics.</p> Methods <p>This study included 70 fresh biopsy samples collected from 45 TC patients and 25 patients with benign thyroid tumors, along with 10 normal thyroid tissues. Viral DNA was extracted and screened for HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses using SYBR Green–based real-time PCR.</p> Results <p>HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses, particularly JCV, were detected at significantly lower frequencies in the normal group when compared to malignant and benign groups (<i>p</i>-value = 0.030, <i>p</i>-value = 0.030, and <i>p</i>-value = 0.001, respectively). In TC patients, HPV common, HPV-16, HPV-6, and HPV-11 positivity was correlated with obesity (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.05), polyomaviruses, particularly JCV, with older age (<i>p</i>-value = 0.041 and <i>p</i>-value = 0.011), BKV with larger tumor size (<i>p</i>-value = 0.030), and EBV with family cancer history (<i>p</i>-value = 0.020). In benign tumors, polyomavirus was absent in Hashimoto thyroiditis (<i>p</i>-value = 0.020), BKV was linked to older age (<i>p</i>-value = 0.030), and absence of BKV was associated with COVID-19 vaccination (<i>p</i>-value = 0.046).</p> Conclusion <p>The current study is the first of its kind in Egypt to investigate the prevalence of HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses in thyroid tumors and to examine their associations with certain clinicopathological characteristics. The findings underline the importance of viral profiling in understanding thyroid tumor behavior and influencing cancer risk as well.</p>

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Molecular detection of HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses in thyroid tumors and their clinicopathological relevance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月20日

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  • Nagwan Ramadan,
  • Omar Alfarouk Rabiee,
  • Mohamed M. Hafez,
  • Nasra F. Abdel Fattah,
  • Eman Naguib Khorshed,
  • Khaled Khalafalla,
  • Auhood Nassar

摘要

Objective

Oncogenic viruses have been implicated in thyroid carcinogenesis, yet their prevalence and clinicopathological associations remain incompletely understood. Thus, it is crucial to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), and polyomaviruses (JCV and BKV) in thyroid tumors and assess their association with clinic-pathological characteristics.

Methods

This study included 70 fresh biopsy samples collected from 45 TC patients and 25 patients with benign thyroid tumors, along with 10 normal thyroid tissues. Viral DNA was extracted and screened for HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses using SYBR Green–based real-time PCR.

Results

HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses, particularly JCV, were detected at significantly lower frequencies in the normal group when compared to malignant and benign groups (p-value = 0.030, p-value = 0.030, and p-value = 0.001, respectively). In TC patients, HPV common, HPV-16, HPV-6, and HPV-11 positivity was correlated with obesity (p-value < 0.05), polyomaviruses, particularly JCV, with older age (p-value = 0.041 and p-value = 0.011), BKV with larger tumor size (p-value = 0.030), and EBV with family cancer history (p-value = 0.020). In benign tumors, polyomavirus was absent in Hashimoto thyroiditis (p-value = 0.020), BKV was linked to older age (p-value = 0.030), and absence of BKV was associated with COVID-19 vaccination (p-value = 0.046).

Conclusion

The current study is the first of its kind in Egypt to investigate the prevalence of HPV, EBV, and polyomaviruses in thyroid tumors and to examine their associations with certain clinicopathological characteristics. The findings underline the importance of viral profiling in understanding thyroid tumor behavior and influencing cancer risk as well.