<p>An increasing number of adolescents with chronic medical conditions are navigating the healthcare transition from pediatric to adult healthcare systems, while self-management emerge as a crucial factor. This review aimed to conduct a scoping review of existing research on health self-management programs for adolescents and young adults with chronic medical condition transitioning from pediatric to adult care, with the goal of identifying population characteristics, intervention elements, and detailed content. Relevant studies on health self-management programs during healthcare transition for adolescents and young adults with chronic medical conditions were systematically searched in nine electronic databases. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December 2024. A total of 25 articles were included in this review (7 randomized controlled trials, 1 mixed-methods study, 10 quasi-experimental studies, and 7 intervention protocols). The existing research demonstrated considerable heterogeneity in intervention content and structure. Many interventions lacked comprehensive coverage of self-management domains, and most were limited to specific disease populations.</p><p><i>Conclusions</i>: Current research indicated that there were still certain limitations in existing studies on health self-management interventions during the healthcare transition. Future research needs to consider developing more universally applicable and technology-based interventions to ensure that adolescents and young adults with different chronic diseases can access self-management support in a more equitable and convenient manner. Moreover, refinement of intervention components is needed to ensure comprehensive coverage of core self-management domains.</p>