Transcultural adaptation to Spain of the CDPQOL questionnaire specific for coeliac children

This study aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and validate the CDPQOL questionnaire, a coeliac disease (CD)-specific paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument (CDPQOL), in Spanish children with CD. The CDPQOL questionnaire has two versions for children aged 8–12 and 13–18. Translation and linguistic validation were performed following an international consensus process. Internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients, and convergent validity was assessed with average variance extracted (AVE). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA), when necessary, were carried out to assess the construct validity. A total of 235 children were included. In the 8–12 age group, a change in the distribution of items to a new structure of three dimensions (negative emotions, food feelings and social interaction) was required. In this new model, CFA supported the fit of the model (χ²/gl = 1.79, RMSEA = 0.077 (IC 95% 0.05–0.100), CFI = 0.969, TLI 0.960, SRMR = 0.081) and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients were > 0.7 in all three dimensions. In the 13–18 age group, CFA showed that all fit indexes were acceptable (χ²/gl = 1.702, RMSEA = 0.102 (IC 95% 0.077–0.127), p < 0.001, CFI = 0.956, TLI = 0.947, SRMR = 0.103) and Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients were > 0.7 in all three dimensions, except for uncertainty dimension.

    Conclusions: The Spanish version of the CDPQOL questionnaire is a useful instrument to assess quality of life in coeliac children whose native language was Spanish spoken in Spain, with changes in item distribution in the younger age group questionnaire.