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Objectives <p>Obesity is characterised by excess adipose tissue, which impairs vascular function and blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, it remains unclear whether adiposity influences the BP-lowering response to isometric exercise training (IET). This randomised-controlled trial explored the impact of body mass index on BP and cardiovascular adaptation following IET.</p> Methods <p>80 participants with normal to high-normal systolic BP (range 120-140 mmHg) were recruited for the study. Participants were randomised into two BMI groups: normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²; n=40) and high BMI (25-34.9 kg/m²; n=40) and then either performed home-based lower-body IET, 3 times per week, for 4 weeks (each session comprised 4 x 2-minute bouts), or were allocated to the control group. Cardiovascular variables, including BP, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and heart rate variability (HRV), were measured at rest pre- and post-intervention.</p> Results <p>Overall, there were significant reductions in systolic BP, diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the IET group compared to control. However, the normal-BMI group had significantly greater reductions in diastolic BP (– 8.5 [– 11.8, – 5.3] mmHg) and MAP (– 9.2 [– 11.9, – 6.6] mmHg) compared to the high-BMI group (dBP: – 2.6 [– 6.2, 1.1]; MAP: -4.7 [– 7.6, – 1.8]). Although TPR was significantly greater in the high-BMI group at week 4 (p=0.022), it was also elevated at baseline, and change-score analyses revealed no significant between-group difference in the magnitude of TPR reduction (Δ p=0.964).</p> Conclusion <p>These findings indicate that BMI may modulate the BP-lowering response to IET, suggesting that individuals with higher BMI may require adjunctive or prolonged interventions to optimise BP reduction.</p>

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Impact of body mass index on blood pressure and cardiovascular adaptation to isometric exercise training 

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Harry T. Swift,
  • Christopher K. Farmer,
  • Jonathan D. Wiles

摘要

Objectives

Obesity is characterised by excess adipose tissue, which impairs vascular function and blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, it remains unclear whether adiposity influences the BP-lowering response to isometric exercise training (IET). This randomised-controlled trial explored the impact of body mass index on BP and cardiovascular adaptation following IET.

Methods

80 participants with normal to high-normal systolic BP (range 120-140 mmHg) were recruited for the study. Participants were randomised into two BMI groups: normal BMI (18.5–24.9 kg/m²; n=40) and high BMI (25-34.9 kg/m²; n=40) and then either performed home-based lower-body IET, 3 times per week, for 4 weeks (each session comprised 4 x 2-minute bouts), or were allocated to the control group. Cardiovascular variables, including BP, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and heart rate variability (HRV), were measured at rest pre- and post-intervention.

Results

Overall, there were significant reductions in systolic BP, diastolic BP and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the IET group compared to control. However, the normal-BMI group had significantly greater reductions in diastolic BP (– 8.5 [– 11.8, – 5.3] mmHg) and MAP (– 9.2 [– 11.9, – 6.6] mmHg) compared to the high-BMI group (dBP: – 2.6 [– 6.2, 1.1]; MAP: -4.7 [– 7.6, – 1.8]). Although TPR was significantly greater in the high-BMI group at week 4 (p=0.022), it was also elevated at baseline, and change-score analyses revealed no significant between-group difference in the magnitude of TPR reduction (Δ p=0.964).

Conclusion

These findings indicate that BMI may modulate the BP-lowering response to IET, suggesting that individuals with higher BMI may require adjunctive or prolonged interventions to optimise BP reduction.