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Purpose <p>Hydrogen cation (H<sup>+</sup>) accumulation is exacerbated in hypoxia. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>) ingestion can reduce fatigue associated with high-intensity exercise performance by counteracting H<sup>+</sup> ion accumulation. The present study aimed to determine the effect of 0.3&#xa0;g·kg<sup>− 1</sup> NaHCO<sub>3</sub> mini-tablets in a carbohydrate hydrogel on 40&#xa0;km cycling time trial (TT) performance in trained male cyclists in acute hypoxia.</p> Methods <p>Fourteen trained male cyclists completed a ramp test to determine VO<sub>2Peak</sub>. After, in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study, participants completed three 40&#xa0;km cycling TTs (1 x familiarisation, 2 x experimental) in acute hypoxia (16.7 ± 0.2 FiO<sub>2</sub>). Each experimental TT followed 90&#xa0;min after the ingestion of 0.3&#xa0;g·kg<sup>− 1</sup> BM NaHCO<sub>3</sub> or an appearance-matched placebo.</p> Results <p>After NaHCO<sub>3</sub> ingestion, 40&#xa0;km cycling TT performance was improved by 1.2% in comparison to placebo (<i>t =</i> 3.84, <i>p</i> = 0.02, <i>g</i> = 0.19). Additionally, NaHCO<sub>3</sub> ingestion raised blood pH (<i>f</i> = 48.47, <i>p</i> = &lt; 0.001, pη<sup>2</sup> = 0.79) and blood HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> (<i>f</i> = 64.13, <i>p</i> = &lt; 0.001, pη<sup>2</sup> = 0.84) pre-exercise and throughout the TT. Aggregated gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were minimal, and did not differ between conditions (NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, 110 AU; Placebo, 119 AU; <i>z</i> = 0.38, <i>p</i> = 0.71, <i>r</i> = 0.10).</p> Conclusion <p>The present study suggests that 0.3&#xa0;g·kg<sup>− 1</sup> NaHCO<sub>3</sub> can enhance 40&#xa0;km cycling TT performance in acute hypoxia, likely a result of improved buffering capacity. Cyclists competing at altitude could consider the ingestion of this form of NaHCO<sub>3</sub> to minimise the deleterious effects of acute hypoxia.</p>

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The effect of sodium bicarbonate mini-tablets in a carbohydrate hydrogel on prolonged high-intensity cycling performance and metabolism in acute normobaric hypoxia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月3日

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  • Eli Spencer Shannon,
  • S. Andy Sparks,
  • Lars Robert McNaughton,
  • Kelly Marrin,
  • Craig Alan Bridge

摘要

Purpose

Hydrogen cation (H+) accumulation is exacerbated in hypoxia. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) ingestion can reduce fatigue associated with high-intensity exercise performance by counteracting H+ ion accumulation. The present study aimed to determine the effect of 0.3 g·kg− 1 NaHCO3 mini-tablets in a carbohydrate hydrogel on 40 km cycling time trial (TT) performance in trained male cyclists in acute hypoxia.

Methods

Fourteen trained male cyclists completed a ramp test to determine VO2Peak. After, in a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study, participants completed three 40 km cycling TTs (1 x familiarisation, 2 x experimental) in acute hypoxia (16.7 ± 0.2 FiO2). Each experimental TT followed 90 min after the ingestion of 0.3 g·kg− 1 BM NaHCO3 or an appearance-matched placebo.

Results

After NaHCO3 ingestion, 40 km cycling TT performance was improved by 1.2% in comparison to placebo (t = 3.84, p = 0.02, g = 0.19). Additionally, NaHCO3 ingestion raised blood pH (f = 48.47, p = < 0.001, pη2 = 0.79) and blood HCO3− (f = 64.13, p = < 0.001, pη2 = 0.84) pre-exercise and throughout the TT. Aggregated gastrointestinal symptoms (GIS) were minimal, and did not differ between conditions (NaHCO3, 110 AU; Placebo, 119 AU; z = 0.38, p = 0.71, r = 0.10).

Conclusion

The present study suggests that 0.3 g·kg− 1 NaHCO3 can enhance 40 km cycling TT performance in acute hypoxia, likely a result of improved buffering capacity. Cyclists competing at altitude could consider the ingestion of this form of NaHCO3 to minimise the deleterious effects of acute hypoxia.