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Purpose <p>We examined the inter-day repeatability of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics during a dual-intensity cycling protocol in healthy young males and females.</p> Methods <p>Forty young adults (20 males, 20 females; age: 18–31 years) completed two randomized reclined cycling bouts at a moderate (50% heart rate reserve [HRR]) and vigorous (80% HRR) exercise intensity on separate days. HRV metrics and spontaneous BRS&#xa0;were analyzed over 2-min bins, using RR intervals and beat-to-beat systolic pressure obtained in a semi-recumbent position. The repeatability of BRS and HRV metrics was examined using coefficients of variation (CV), intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland–Altman plots with 95% limits of agreement.</p> Results <p>BRS showed overall good-to-excellent inter-day repeatability, which was similar across sex and exercise intensities (Females: 50%HRR: CV = 14%, ICC = 0.86, 95% LOA: -1.85 to 1.48 ms/mmHg; 80% HRR: CV = 20%, ICC = 0.86, 95% LOA: -2.24 to 1.98 ms/mmHg; Males: 50% HRR CV = 15%, ICC = 0.82, 95% LOA: -2.10 to 1.78 ms/mmHg; 80% HRR CV = 22%, ICC = 0.77, 95% LOA: -2.69 to 2.07 ms/mmHg). Vagal-related HRV metrics (high-frequency power, SD1, SDNN) exhibited good inter-day repeatability,&#xa0;not altered by vigorous-intensity exercise, with females showing lower repeatability for SD1 and SDNN compared to males (female: CV ~ 20–25%, ICC:0.70–0.85; male: CV ~ 15–20%; ICC:0.75–0.90). The root-mean square of successive differences exhibited the greatest repeatability for HRV metrics, being similar across sex and exercise intensity (CV ~ 13–16%, ICC ~ 0.90).</p> Conclusions <p>BRS and vagal-related HRV metrics were repeatable during cycling&#xa0;across intensities and&#xa0;sex, supporting their use in detecting cardiac autonomic changes in clinical and active populations.</p> Clinical trials.gov registration ID <p>NCT06617117.</p>

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Repeatability of heart-rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity as metrics of cardiac autonomic function during exercise in young females and males

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月25日

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  • Manuel P. Gaspar,
  • João L. Marôco,
  • Luís Cruz,
  • Sérgio Laranjo,
  • Helena Santa-Clara,
  • Bo Fernhall,
  • Xavier Melo

摘要

Purpose

We examined the inter-day repeatability of cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV) metrics during a dual-intensity cycling protocol in healthy young males and females.

Methods

Forty young adults (20 males, 20 females; age: 18–31 years) completed two randomized reclined cycling bouts at a moderate (50% heart rate reserve [HRR]) and vigorous (80% HRR) exercise intensity on separate days. HRV metrics and spontaneous BRS were analyzed over 2-min bins, using RR intervals and beat-to-beat systolic pressure obtained in a semi-recumbent position. The repeatability of BRS and HRV metrics was examined using coefficients of variation (CV), intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland–Altman plots with 95% limits of agreement.

Results

BRS showed overall good-to-excellent inter-day repeatability, which was similar across sex and exercise intensities (Females: 50%HRR: CV = 14%, ICC = 0.86, 95% LOA: -1.85 to 1.48 ms/mmHg; 80% HRR: CV = 20%, ICC = 0.86, 95% LOA: -2.24 to 1.98 ms/mmHg; Males: 50% HRR CV = 15%, ICC = 0.82, 95% LOA: -2.10 to 1.78 ms/mmHg; 80% HRR CV = 22%, ICC = 0.77, 95% LOA: -2.69 to 2.07 ms/mmHg). Vagal-related HRV metrics (high-frequency power, SD1, SDNN) exhibited good inter-day repeatability, not altered by vigorous-intensity exercise, with females showing lower repeatability for SD1 and SDNN compared to males (female: CV ~ 20–25%, ICC:0.70–0.85; male: CV ~ 15–20%; ICC:0.75–0.90). The root-mean square of successive differences exhibited the greatest repeatability for HRV metrics, being similar across sex and exercise intensity (CV ~ 13–16%, ICC ~ 0.90).

Conclusions

BRS and vagal-related HRV metrics were repeatable during cycling across intensities and sex, supporting their use in detecting cardiac autonomic changes in clinical and active populations.

Clinical trials.gov registration ID

NCT06617117.