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Purpose <p>Individuals in occupational environments are particularly susceptible to the impacts of pollutants; making it crucial to assess systemic inflammation markers. The study aimed to evaluate the immune response to inflammation through the assessment of a cytokine profile in individuals working in vulnerable conditions exposed to heavy metals.</p> Methods <p>A total of 137 adults participated in this study from three work environments: brickyards, waste scavenging and quarries. Levels of 12 metals were evaluated in urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and serum levels of 6 cytokines were analyzed using Multi-Bead Cytokine Assay.</p> Results <p>In the brickyard scenario, a significant percentage of subjects presented concentrations above the reference levels of Hg, As, and Pb (83.7%, 62.8%, and 16.3%; respectively). The waste scavenging and quarry workers scenario exhibited percentages of 100% and 49% for Ni, respectively. Additionally, the brickyard and waste scavenging scenarios showed the highest levels of TNF-α and INF-γ and, lower levels of IL-4 and IL-10. In the quarry scenario, an increase of IL-6 and a decrease in INF-γ were observed. Furthermore, a clustering pattern based on the type of scenario was identified, indicating a higher exposure to As, Pb, and Hg in the brickyard scenario, along with TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 levels.</p> Conclusions <p>The results suggest that exposure to heavy metals in workers with precarious work conditions, present elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which are related to the type of occupational environment.</p>

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Exposure to multiple heavy metals associated with levels of inflammatory cytokines in workers in vulnerable conditions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月6日

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  • Ana Karen González Palomo,
  • Juan Diego Cortés García,
  • Kelvin Saldaña Villanueva,
  • Fernando Díaz Barriga Martínez,
  • Karen Beatriz Méndez Rodríguez,
  • Luz Eugenia Alcantara Quintana,
  • Julio César Martínez Álvarez,
  • Francisco Javier Pérez Vázquez

摘要

Purpose

Individuals in occupational environments are particularly susceptible to the impacts of pollutants; making it crucial to assess systemic inflammation markers. The study aimed to evaluate the immune response to inflammation through the assessment of a cytokine profile in individuals working in vulnerable conditions exposed to heavy metals.

Methods

A total of 137 adults participated in this study from three work environments: brickyards, waste scavenging and quarries. Levels of 12 metals were evaluated in urine using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and serum levels of 6 cytokines were analyzed using Multi-Bead Cytokine Assay.

Results

In the brickyard scenario, a significant percentage of subjects presented concentrations above the reference levels of Hg, As, and Pb (83.7%, 62.8%, and 16.3%; respectively). The waste scavenging and quarry workers scenario exhibited percentages of 100% and 49% for Ni, respectively. Additionally, the brickyard and waste scavenging scenarios showed the highest levels of TNF-α and INF-γ and, lower levels of IL-4 and IL-10. In the quarry scenario, an increase of IL-6 and a decrease in INF-γ were observed. Furthermore, a clustering pattern based on the type of scenario was identified, indicating a higher exposure to As, Pb, and Hg in the brickyard scenario, along with TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 levels.

Conclusions

The results suggest that exposure to heavy metals in workers with precarious work conditions, present elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which are related to the type of occupational environment.