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<p>Metamaterials with diverse lattice geometries exhibit unique properties. However, for elastic metamaterials, achieving vibration isolation within the band gap in the low-frequency range, under the condition of fixed lattice dimensions, often compromises structural stiffness and strength, thereby limiting their practical applications. This study introduces a 3D unit cell structure that integrates excellent mechanical properties with ultra-broadband low-frequency vibration isolation. The design incorporates a stiff periodic orthogonal connected surface inspired by triply periodic minimal surfaces, with rubber as the connecting material and lead blocks as oscillators. Analysis of the cell’s band structure and vibration modes of the unit cell reveals that a low-frequency band gap can be generated through local resonance between the lead blocks and the thin-wall structure. Additionally, material damping significantly enhances vibration attenuation. To assess the impact of rubber’s viscous damping on vibration isolation, the viscous coefficient of the rubber material is determined experimentally. A prototype is fabricated via 3D printing, and its transmission spectrum is analyzed through numerical calculations and vibration experiments to validate elastic wave attenuation. Experimental results confirm that at low frequencies, vibration attenuation is primarily governed by the local resonance band gap, while rubber’s viscous damping contributes predominantly in the high-frequency range. Rather than arising from damping alone, the observed wide low-frequency vibration attenuation results from the synergy between bandgap mechanisms and viscoelastic dissipation. This combination enables effective broadband vibration isolation. Quasi-static compression experiments on a single unit cell demonstrate the metamaterial’s excellent static load-bearing capacity. This structure provides novel design insights for advancing the practical application of lattice elastic metamaterials.</p>

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A 3D lattice metamaterial with high structural stiffness, load-bearing capacity, and vibration isolation in low frequency

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Yikun Du,
  • Yi Xiao,
  • Muhammad Ayaz Akbar,
  • Sergey Sheshenin,
  • Alexander Sakharov,
  • Tamara Kalaida,
  • Zixun Lin,
  • Qing-Hua Qin

摘要

Metamaterials with diverse lattice geometries exhibit unique properties. However, for elastic metamaterials, achieving vibration isolation within the band gap in the low-frequency range, under the condition of fixed lattice dimensions, often compromises structural stiffness and strength, thereby limiting their practical applications. This study introduces a 3D unit cell structure that integrates excellent mechanical properties with ultra-broadband low-frequency vibration isolation. The design incorporates a stiff periodic orthogonal connected surface inspired by triply periodic minimal surfaces, with rubber as the connecting material and lead blocks as oscillators. Analysis of the cell’s band structure and vibration modes of the unit cell reveals that a low-frequency band gap can be generated through local resonance between the lead blocks and the thin-wall structure. Additionally, material damping significantly enhances vibration attenuation. To assess the impact of rubber’s viscous damping on vibration isolation, the viscous coefficient of the rubber material is determined experimentally. A prototype is fabricated via 3D printing, and its transmission spectrum is analyzed through numerical calculations and vibration experiments to validate elastic wave attenuation. Experimental results confirm that at low frequencies, vibration attenuation is primarily governed by the local resonance band gap, while rubber’s viscous damping contributes predominantly in the high-frequency range. Rather than arising from damping alone, the observed wide low-frequency vibration attenuation results from the synergy between bandgap mechanisms and viscoelastic dissipation. This combination enables effective broadband vibration isolation. Quasi-static compression experiments on a single unit cell demonstrate the metamaterial’s excellent static load-bearing capacity. This structure provides novel design insights for advancing the practical application of lattice elastic metamaterials.