Research on the high-pressure water jet impacting on the different solids based on improved SPH method

The study of the evolution of solid fragmentation during high-pressure water jet impact is essential for the control and optimization of high-pressure water jet technology. Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method has unique advantages in dealing with such fluid–solid coupling problems due to its meshless and Lagrangian characteristics. Therefore, based on the improved SPH method, this paper simulates the high-pressure water jet impacting the metal and concrete material problems. The results show that, when the water jet impacts the metal block, the penetration depth increases with the increase in the jet velocity, showing an approximately linear relationship. When the water jet impacts the concrete containing initial cracks, the concrete fragmentation zone evolution process is divided into different stages. At the same time, an approximately linear relationship can be observed between the crater depth and jet velocity. When the water jet impacts the homogeneous concrete, the concrete fragmentation goes through the stages of crater formation, conical crack formation, vertical crack formation, and laminar crack formation. Similarly, the crater depth increases with the jet velocity, and the crater depth of homogeneous concrete is smaller compared to that of concrete with initial cracks.