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Purpose <p>To investigate the pathological characteristics of lens epithelial cells (LECs) in liquefied versus non-liquefied mature cataracts.</p> Methods <p>Twenty-one unilateral and one bilateral mature cataract cases underwent surgery. Based on intraoperative findings, eyes were classified into a liquefied (11 eyes) and non-liquefied (11 eyes) groups. Patient history, ocular morphology, and histopathological evaluation of the anterior lens capsule were analyzed. Cross-sectional and flat-mounted LEC specimens were examined using upright microscope (UM), and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) immunostaining was assessed via confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).</p> Results <p>UM showed extensive LEC nuclear deficiency/flattening in all liquefied cases and a higher prevalence of subcapsular fibrosis (82% vs. 9%) compared with the non-liquefied group. CLSM revealed significantly lower AQP1 immunostaining scores in the liquefied group compared to the non-liquefied group (1.76 ± 0.59 vs. 4.48 ± 0.60, <i>p</i> = 0.00054). In this small cohort, atopic dermatitis was present in 5 of 11 eyes (45.5%) in the liquefied group, whereas diabetes mellitus was present in 4 of 11 eyes (36.4%) in the non-liquefied group. Given the uneven distribution of these systemic backgrounds, disease-specific differences in LEC nuclear deficiency/flattening, subcapsular fibrosis, and AQP1 immunostaining could not be assessed separately.</p> Conclusions <p>Lens liquefaction in mature cataracts was associated with a marked paucity of identifiable LECs and lower AQP1 immunostaining scores. The potential roles of these epithelial changes in lens liquefaction warrant further study.</p>

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Lens epithelial cell damage and reduced aquaporin-1 immunoreactivity in liquefied mature cataracts

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月29日

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  • Kosuke Ichihara,
  • Koji Komatsu,
  • Yoichiro Masuda,
  • Atsushi Tohma,
  • Masanobu Iida,
  • Ai Iwauchi,
  • Hoshiho Kubota,
  • Yosuke Nakazawa,
  • Naoki Yamamoto,
  • Masayuki Shimoda,
  • Tadashi Nakano

摘要

Purpose

To investigate the pathological characteristics of lens epithelial cells (LECs) in liquefied versus non-liquefied mature cataracts.

Methods

Twenty-one unilateral and one bilateral mature cataract cases underwent surgery. Based on intraoperative findings, eyes were classified into a liquefied (11 eyes) and non-liquefied (11 eyes) groups. Patient history, ocular morphology, and histopathological evaluation of the anterior lens capsule were analyzed. Cross-sectional and flat-mounted LEC specimens were examined using upright microscope (UM), and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) immunostaining was assessed via confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).

Results

UM showed extensive LEC nuclear deficiency/flattening in all liquefied cases and a higher prevalence of subcapsular fibrosis (82% vs. 9%) compared with the non-liquefied group. CLSM revealed significantly lower AQP1 immunostaining scores in the liquefied group compared to the non-liquefied group (1.76 ± 0.59 vs. 4.48 ± 0.60, p = 0.00054). In this small cohort, atopic dermatitis was present in 5 of 11 eyes (45.5%) in the liquefied group, whereas diabetes mellitus was present in 4 of 11 eyes (36.4%) in the non-liquefied group. Given the uneven distribution of these systemic backgrounds, disease-specific differences in LEC nuclear deficiency/flattening, subcapsular fibrosis, and AQP1 immunostaining could not be assessed separately.

Conclusions

Lens liquefaction in mature cataracts was associated with a marked paucity of identifiable LECs and lower AQP1 immunostaining scores. The potential roles of these epithelial changes in lens liquefaction warrant further study.