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Purpose <p>To compare long-term structural disease progression in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) between Indian and Caucasian populations using a novel optical coherence tomography-based staging system structured around retinal layer involvement.</p> Methods <p>This retrospective, observational, dual-center cohort study included 49 eyes from 30 Caucasian and 109 eyes from 55 Indian patients with type 2 MacTel. All patients had a minimum of 5 years follow-up. Disease severity was staged as early, intermediate, or advanced based on predefined OCT features involving the inner retina, outer retina, and presence of neovascularization. Progression was defined as a shift to a higher stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate progression and associated risk factors.</p> Results <p>At baseline, both groups had similar stage distributions (<i>p</i> = 0.451). Over the follow-up period, 82% of Caucasian and 81% of Indian eyes showed no disease progression. Median time to progress from early to intermediate stage was 32 months in Caucasians and 36 months in Indians (<i>p</i> = 0.847). Progression to advanced stage occurred after 51 and 69.5 months, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.497). Survival analysis showed no significant differences in progression based on gender, ethnicity, or diabetes mellitus status.</p> Conclusion <p>Structural progression in type 2 MacTel is slow and comparable across Caucasian and Indian cohorts over long-term follow up. Further studies to compare the influence of systemic and environmental conditions across different ethnicities will help understand pathogenesis of MacTel.</p>

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Ethnic comparison of MacTel over 5 years follow up

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月21日

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  • Priyanka Gandhi,
  • Karishma Tendulkar,
  • Soema Tehbla,
  • Pratibha Hande,
  • Vishma Prabhu,
  • Ramesh Venkatesh,
  • Jay Chhablani

摘要

Purpose

To compare long-term structural disease progression in type 2 macular telangiectasia (MacTel) between Indian and Caucasian populations using a novel optical coherence tomography-based staging system structured around retinal layer involvement.

Methods

This retrospective, observational, dual-center cohort study included 49 eyes from 30 Caucasian and 109 eyes from 55 Indian patients with type 2 MacTel. All patients had a minimum of 5 years follow-up. Disease severity was staged as early, intermediate, or advanced based on predefined OCT features involving the inner retina, outer retina, and presence of neovascularization. Progression was defined as a shift to a higher stage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate progression and associated risk factors.

Results

At baseline, both groups had similar stage distributions (p = 0.451). Over the follow-up period, 82% of Caucasian and 81% of Indian eyes showed no disease progression. Median time to progress from early to intermediate stage was 32 months in Caucasians and 36 months in Indians (p = 0.847). Progression to advanced stage occurred after 51 and 69.5 months, respectively (p = 0.497). Survival analysis showed no significant differences in progression based on gender, ethnicity, or diabetes mellitus status.

Conclusion

Structural progression in type 2 MacTel is slow and comparable across Caucasian and Indian cohorts over long-term follow up. Further studies to compare the influence of systemic and environmental conditions across different ethnicities will help understand pathogenesis of MacTel.