Background <p>We sought to quantify the effects of computerized cognitive training (CCT) on patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), to inform the development of clinical non-pharmacological intervention strategies.</p> Methods <p>We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases from 2007 to February 2026 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of CCT in patients with MCI. Outcomes including global cognition, specific cognitive domains, psychosocial functioning, and activities of daily living were analyzed separately by <i>stata 18</i> and <i>Review Manager 5.4</i>.</p> Results <p>We included 30 studies and 2056 participants. Our meta-analysis revealed that, compared with control conditions, CCT led to a significant moderate improvement in overall cognitive function, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.43–0.81; I² = 73%. Subgroup analysis showed that intervention characteristics—including session duration, training device, total intervention length, weekly frequency, sample size, and assessment tools—yielded similar improvements in global cognition, with no statistically significant differences between subgroups. These findings indicate that the cognitive benefits of CCT are consistent and robust.</p> Conclusion <p>This systematic review and meta-analysis shows CCT significantly improves global cognitive function in MCI patients, with stable benefits across subgroups. Despite clear overall effects, high heterogeneity, varying training protocols and assessment tools exist. Further large, long-term RCTs are needed to clarify CCT’s long-term effects and support its standardized clinical application.</p> Trial registration <p>PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews CRD420261328762; <a href="https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261328762">https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420261328762</a>.</p>