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Purpose <p>This clinical trial examined how the articifial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostics system S-Detect for Thyroid influences the ultrasound diagnostic work-up of thyroid ultrasound (US) performed by different US users in clinical practice and how different US users influences the diagnostic accuracy of S-Detect.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a clinical trial with 20 participants, including medical students, US novice physicians, and US experienced physicians. Five patients with thyroid nodules (one malignant and four benign) volunteered to undergo a thyroid US scan performed by all 20 participants using the same US systems with S-Detect installed. Participants performed a focused thyroid US on each patient case and made a nodule classification according to the European Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System (EU-TIRADS). They then performed a S-Detect analysis of the same nodule and were asked to re-evaluate their EU-TIRADS reporting. From the EU-TIRADS assessments by participants, we derived a biopsy recommendation outcome of whether fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was recommended.</p> Results <p>The mean diagnostic accuracy for S-Detect was 71.3% (range 40–100%) among all participants, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.31). The accuracy of our biopsy recommendation outcome was 69.8% before and 69.2% after AI for all participants (p = 0.75).</p> Conclusion <p>In this trial, we did not find S-Detect to improve the thyroid diagnostic work-up in clinical practice among novice and intermediate ultrasound operators. However, the operator had a substantial impact on the AI-generated ultrasound diagnosis, with a variation in diagnostic accuracy from 40 to 100%, despite the same patients and ultrasound machines being used in the trial.</p>

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Human-AI collaboration for ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules: a clinical trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月8日

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  • Axel Bukhave Edström,
  • Fatemeh Makouei,
  • Kasper Wennervaldt,
  • Anne Fog Lomholt,
  • Mikkel Kaltoft,
  • Jacob Melchiors,
  • Gitte Bjørn Hvilsom,
  • Magne Bech,
  • Martin Tolsgaard,
  • Tobias Todsen

摘要

Purpose

This clinical trial examined how the articifial intelligence (AI)-based diagnostics system S-Detect for Thyroid influences the ultrasound diagnostic work-up of thyroid ultrasound (US) performed by different US users in clinical practice and how different US users influences the diagnostic accuracy of S-Detect.

Methods

We conducted a clinical trial with 20 participants, including medical students, US novice physicians, and US experienced physicians. Five patients with thyroid nodules (one malignant and four benign) volunteered to undergo a thyroid US scan performed by all 20 participants using the same US systems with S-Detect installed. Participants performed a focused thyroid US on each patient case and made a nodule classification according to the European Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System (EU-TIRADS). They then performed a S-Detect analysis of the same nodule and were asked to re-evaluate their EU-TIRADS reporting. From the EU-TIRADS assessments by participants, we derived a biopsy recommendation outcome of whether fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was recommended.

Results

The mean diagnostic accuracy for S-Detect was 71.3% (range 40–100%) among all participants, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.31). The accuracy of our biopsy recommendation outcome was 69.8% before and 69.2% after AI for all participants (p = 0.75).

Conclusion

In this trial, we did not find S-Detect to improve the thyroid diagnostic work-up in clinical practice among novice and intermediate ultrasound operators. However, the operator had a substantial impact on the AI-generated ultrasound diagnosis, with a variation in diagnostic accuracy from 40 to 100%, despite the same patients and ultrasound machines being used in the trial.