Intraoperative transösophageale Echokardiographie in der Herzchirurgie mit Fokus auf die Mitralklappenrekonstruktion

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is important for rapid assessment of biventricular function, regional contractility disorders and the integrity of heart valve anatomy and function. Mitral valve regurgitation (MVR) is the second most common valvular heart disease in Europe after aortic valve stenosis. Qualified TEE is indispensable for the success of minimally invasive repair of severe MVR (MIR-MVR). For quantification of MVR the vena contracta area, effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) determined using the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA), regurgitant volume and left ventricular endsystolic diameter are utilized for quantification of MVR. Grading of the MVR, the final assessment of the operation results and echocardiographic guidance during critical surgical steps of MIR-MVR are essential. The MIR-MVR is complex and requires an optimal interdisciplinary cooperation.