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<p>To overcome physical blending limitations in polymer fracturing fluid thickeners, this study proposes a chemical cross-linking strategy based on the Schiff base condensation reaction. The base thickener (WPAM) was synthesized via inverse emulsion polymerization, while dialdehyde-modified cellulose nanofibers (QCNF) were prepared by modifying pristine cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A novel nano-organic composite thickener was subsequently fabricated via chemical cross-linking of WPAM and QCNF. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified the successful modification of QCNF and its integration into a dense, cross-linked multi-network with WPAM. Rheological evaluations demonstrated that a 1.4 wt% composite solution maintained a viscosity of 53 mPa·s in high-salinity brine (85,000&#xa0;mg/L). Under a shear rate of 170&#xa0;s⁻¹ in 8,850&#xa0;mg/L brine, the fluid exhibited robust shear resistance, retaining viscosities of 56.55 mPa·s and 50.96 mPa·s at 120&#xa0;°C and 140&#xa0;°C, respectively. Furthermore, 0.2–0.4 wt% solutions achieved drag reduction rates exceeding 70%. The fluid also demonstrated superior proppant suspension capabilities; the static settling rate was less than 10% after 120&#xa0;min, and dynamic simulations confirmed efficient proppant transport. Gel breaking tests revealed that adding 0.03 wt% ammonium persulfate at 90&#xa0;°C reduced the fluid viscosity to 1.88 mPa·s within 2&#xa0;h. Subsequent core displacement tests indicated minimal permeability damage (12.41%) from the broken fluid. This study offers a promising pathway for developing high-performance thickeners for high-temperature, high-salinity fracturing fluids, demonstrating significant application potential in deep oil and gas reservoir stimulation.</p>

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Study on temperature- and salt-resistant fracturing fluid thickeners based on nano-organic condensation crosslinking

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月5日

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  • Wendong Jia,
  • Zhongcong Zhao,
  • Guofeng Dong,
  • Xuefen Liu,
  • Pengcheng Zhou,
  • Lifeng Chen,
  • Depei Xu,
  • Hairui Li,
  • Xiaohui Sun,
  • Xuge Zhou,
  • Jinguang Han

摘要

To overcome physical blending limitations in polymer fracturing fluid thickeners, this study proposes a chemical cross-linking strategy based on the Schiff base condensation reaction. The base thickener (WPAM) was synthesized via inverse emulsion polymerization, while dialdehyde-modified cellulose nanofibers (QCNF) were prepared by modifying pristine cellulose nanofibers (CNF). A novel nano-organic composite thickener was subsequently fabricated via chemical cross-linking of WPAM and QCNF. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified the successful modification of QCNF and its integration into a dense, cross-linked multi-network with WPAM. Rheological evaluations demonstrated that a 1.4 wt% composite solution maintained a viscosity of 53 mPa·s in high-salinity brine (85,000 mg/L). Under a shear rate of 170 s⁻¹ in 8,850 mg/L brine, the fluid exhibited robust shear resistance, retaining viscosities of 56.55 mPa·s and 50.96 mPa·s at 120 °C and 140 °C, respectively. Furthermore, 0.2–0.4 wt% solutions achieved drag reduction rates exceeding 70%. The fluid also demonstrated superior proppant suspension capabilities; the static settling rate was less than 10% after 120 min, and dynamic simulations confirmed efficient proppant transport. Gel breaking tests revealed that adding 0.03 wt% ammonium persulfate at 90 °C reduced the fluid viscosity to 1.88 mPa·s within 2 h. Subsequent core displacement tests indicated minimal permeability damage (12.41%) from the broken fluid. This study offers a promising pathway for developing high-performance thickeners for high-temperature, high-salinity fracturing fluids, demonstrating significant application potential in deep oil and gas reservoir stimulation.