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<p>To enhance the mechanical performance of the hydrogel after swelling, polyacrylic acid (PAA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) dual-network hydrogels modified by nano-silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) were prepared via free radical polymerisation. PAA molecular chains were subjected to chemical crosslinking via a crosslinking agent in conjunction with SiO<sub>2</sub>–KH570 to form a chemically crosslinked network. PEG chains subsequently interpenetrated this network, generating a dual-network hydrogel structure. Hydrogel preparation parameters were optimised by varying the neutralisation degree and PEG molecular weight, followed by systematic evaluation of its structure and properties. The results demonstrated that the neutralization degree primarily influences the mechanical properties by regulating the balance between electrostatic repulsion and hydrogen bond dissipation. The molecular weight of PEG determines the rigidity and flexibility of the hydrogel cross-linking network. Furthermore, the compressive performance of the hydrogel was enhanced by the introduction of nano-SiO<sub>2</sub>. Addition of 0.5% SiO<sub>2</sub> increased the compressive strength to 425&#xa0;kPa (an increase of 117.2%) and compressive strain to 83.85% (an increase of 12.6%), whereas equilibrium swelling rate was maintained at 161.3&#xa0;g/g. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of high-performance hydrogels by clarifying the synergistic effects of chemical crosslinking and physical entanglement toughening of hydrogels.</p>

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Preparation and characterization of silica nanoparticle–reinforced PAA/PEG dual-network hydrogels with high compressive strength after swelling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月14日

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  • Kai Luan,
  • Ru Chen,
  • Minjie Qu,
  • Zhiao Si,
  • Huaibing Bai,
  • Xiaomei Shi

摘要

To enhance the mechanical performance of the hydrogel after swelling, polyacrylic acid (PAA)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) dual-network hydrogels modified by nano-silica (SiO2) were prepared via free radical polymerisation. PAA molecular chains were subjected to chemical crosslinking via a crosslinking agent in conjunction with SiO2–KH570 to form a chemically crosslinked network. PEG chains subsequently interpenetrated this network, generating a dual-network hydrogel structure. Hydrogel preparation parameters were optimised by varying the neutralisation degree and PEG molecular weight, followed by systematic evaluation of its structure and properties. The results demonstrated that the neutralization degree primarily influences the mechanical properties by regulating the balance between electrostatic repulsion and hydrogen bond dissipation. The molecular weight of PEG determines the rigidity and flexibility of the hydrogel cross-linking network. Furthermore, the compressive performance of the hydrogel was enhanced by the introduction of nano-SiO2. Addition of 0.5% SiO2 increased the compressive strength to 425 kPa (an increase of 117.2%) and compressive strain to 83.85% (an increase of 12.6%), whereas equilibrium swelling rate was maintained at 161.3 g/g. This study provides a theoretical basis for the design of high-performance hydrogels by clarifying the synergistic effects of chemical crosslinking and physical entanglement toughening of hydrogels.