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<p>The persistent discharge of synthetic dyes such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene Blue (MB) in industrial effluents represents a major environmental concern due to their toxicity and resistance to biodegradation. In this study, we report the fabrication of an eco-friendly photocatalytic film composed of bismuth tungstate (Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>) nanoparticles incorporated into a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix for the visible-light-driven degradation of dyes. Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> nanoparticles were synthesised via a hydrothermal route and uniformly dispersed into CA through a simple solution-casting method, resulting in flexible, free-standing films with excellent stability and handling properties. Comprehensive physicochemical analyses, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, UV DRS, and PL, confirmed the integration of Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> into the CA framework, enhanced light-harvesting efficiency, and reduced charge recombination. The Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub>/CA hybrid film demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity, achieving degradation efficiencies of 89.0% for RhB and 90.1% for MB within 105&#xa0;min of visible light irradiation. Compared to pure Bi<sub>2</sub>WO<sub>6</sub> and CA films, the composite showed significantly improved performance due to the synergistic effect between the semiconductor and polymer. Importantly, the film is biodegradable, reusable, and binder-free, maintaining activity over multiple cycles. This work highlights a green, scalable, and sustainable approach for wastewater treatment using hybrid photocatalytic films.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Bi2WO6-cellulose acetate hybrid films as green photocatalysts for wastewater treatment

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • R. Rajeswari,
  • V. Sasikala,
  • Palani Karthik,
  • S. Thanikaikarasan,
  • Azhagurajan Mukkannan

摘要

The persistent discharge of synthetic dyes such as Rhodamine B (RhB) and Methylene Blue (MB) in industrial effluents represents a major environmental concern due to their toxicity and resistance to biodegradation. In this study, we report the fabrication of an eco-friendly photocatalytic film composed of bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) nanoparticles incorporated into a cellulose acetate (CA) matrix for the visible-light-driven degradation of dyes. Bi2WO6 nanoparticles were synthesised via a hydrothermal route and uniformly dispersed into CA through a simple solution-casting method, resulting in flexible, free-standing films with excellent stability and handling properties. Comprehensive physicochemical analyses, including XRD, FTIR, SEM, UV DRS, and PL, confirmed the integration of Bi2WO6 into the CA framework, enhanced light-harvesting efficiency, and reduced charge recombination. The Bi2WO6/CA hybrid film demonstrated superior photocatalytic activity, achieving degradation efficiencies of 89.0% for RhB and 90.1% for MB within 105 min of visible light irradiation. Compared to pure Bi2WO6 and CA films, the composite showed significantly improved performance due to the synergistic effect between the semiconductor and polymer. Importantly, the film is biodegradable, reusable, and binder-free, maintaining activity over multiple cycles. This work highlights a green, scalable, and sustainable approach for wastewater treatment using hybrid photocatalytic films.

Graphical Abstract