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<p>Bacitracin-loaded PVA/PMMA nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning and optimized through a Quality by Design (QbD) approach using Box–Behnken Design (BBD) to optimize critical process parameters flow rate (0.1–0.3 mL/h), voltage (7.9–10.1 kV), and spinneret–collector distance (12–16 cm). The optimized conditions (0.2 mL/h, 9 kV, 14 cm) yielded uniform nanofibers (~201 nm) with high entrapment efficiency (94%). Comprehensive physicochemical characterization (DSC, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM) confirmed amorphous drug dispersion, polymeric compatibility, thermal stability, and smooth, bead-free morphology. In vitro release studies demonstrated a biphasic profile, 38% burst in the first hour followed by sustained release culminating in ~90% cumulative release over 72 h driven by non-Fickian diffusion. In vivo evaluation in a Sprague–Dawley rat excisional wound model revealed 99% wound closure by day 14, significantly outperforming placebo and control groups. Histological analysis corroborated accelerated epithelialization and collagen deposition without adverse tissue reactions. These findings establish that bacitracin-loaded PVA/PMMA nanofibers deliver prolonged antimicrobial activity and promote superior wound healing, positioning them as promising candidates for advanced topical wound dressings.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Electrospun PVA/PMMA nanofibrous mats incorporating bacitracin: Process optimization, drug release kinetics, and wound closure performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Puru Goel,
  • Arpit Sharma,
  • Amit Kumar Tyagi,
  • Manvi Singh,
  • Rahmuddin Khan,
  • Mohammad Qutub,
  • Ujban Md Hussain,
  • Amol Tatode

摘要

Bacitracin-loaded PVA/PMMA nanofibers were fabricated via electrospinning and optimized through a Quality by Design (QbD) approach using Box–Behnken Design (BBD) to optimize critical process parameters flow rate (0.1–0.3 mL/h), voltage (7.9–10.1 kV), and spinneret–collector distance (12–16 cm). The optimized conditions (0.2 mL/h, 9 kV, 14 cm) yielded uniform nanofibers (~201 nm) with high entrapment efficiency (94%). Comprehensive physicochemical characterization (DSC, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, SEM) confirmed amorphous drug dispersion, polymeric compatibility, thermal stability, and smooth, bead-free morphology. In vitro release studies demonstrated a biphasic profile, 38% burst in the first hour followed by sustained release culminating in ~90% cumulative release over 72 h driven by non-Fickian diffusion. In vivo evaluation in a Sprague–Dawley rat excisional wound model revealed 99% wound closure by day 14, significantly outperforming placebo and control groups. Histological analysis corroborated accelerated epithelialization and collagen deposition without adverse tissue reactions. These findings establish that bacitracin-loaded PVA/PMMA nanofibers deliver prolonged antimicrobial activity and promote superior wound healing, positioning them as promising candidates for advanced topical wound dressings.

Graphical Abstract