<p>In this work, we consider the preparation of magnetic magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs, Fe₃O₄)) by chemical precipitation method, modified with biocompatible polymers such as polyethyleneimine (PEI) and chitosan (CS) to get Fe₃O₄@PEI and Fe₃O₄@CS, respectively, alongside electrospun polyamide (PA) nanofibers and their sorption properties towards some of the synthetic food azo dyes (Tartrazine (TRT), Sunset Yellow FCF (SY), Azorubine (AR), and Ponceau 4R (P-4R)). Spherical MNPs (7.5 ± 0.2&#xa0;nm, TEM) and PA electrospun nanofibers (52 ± 3&#xa0;nm to 104 ± 11&#xa0;nm, SEM) were prepared, with a specific surface area of 101 m²&#xa0;g⁻¹ (MNPs) and 44 m²&#xa0;g⁻¹ (PA). The pore space volume of PA nanofibers was 0.024 cm³&#xa0;g⁻¹ which is much less than for MNPs (Fe₃O₄, 0.282 cm³&#xa0;g⁻¹; Fe₃O₄@CS, 0.218 cm³&#xa0;g⁻¹; and Fe₃O₄@PEI, 0.154 cm³&#xa0;g⁻¹). The saturation magnetization of Fe₃O₄@CS (40 emu g⁻¹) and Fe₃O₄@PEI (43 emu g⁻¹) was slightly lower than that of Fe₃O₄ (48 emu g⁻¹). Sorption studies under optimized conditions (pH, time, sorbent mass) achieved 95–99% dye recovery. The kinetics of dye sorption was studied, and pseudo-second-order of sorption was preferable. For Fe₃O₄@PEI, the maximum sorption capacity (<i>q</i>_max, mg g⁻¹) values increased to 150 (SY), 151 (AR), 176 (TRT), and 204 (P-4R); for Fe₃O₄@CS, 57 (SY), 104 (TRT), 139 (P-4R), and 142 (AR); and for PA, 28 (Ar), 31 (TRT), 33 (P-4R), and 39 (SY) within the Langmuir model. The difference in sorption capacity and recovery may be attributed to steric factors and the chemical structure of the azo dye molecule.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>