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Purpose <p>Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in promoting insulin resistance. However, their impact on insulin resistance in a mixed population made up of males and females remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the relationship between dietary AGEs and insulin resistance may be sex-dependent.</p> Methods <p>195 males and 239 females were included in this cross-sectional study. Study participants underwent anthropometric and metabolic assessments. AGE intake was estimated using food frequency questionnaires and databases reporting AGE content in individual food items. The relationship between AGE intake and insulin resistance, estimated using HOMA-IR, was assessed using Pearson correlation test. The predictive power of dietary AGEs towards HOMA-IR was investigated using stepwise linear regression.</p> Results <p>AGE intake correlated positively with HOMA-IR in females (p &lt; 0.01) but not in male study participants (p &gt; 0.05). Moreover, AGE intake was able to increase the predictive power of BMI towards insulin resistance in females but not males. Instead, anthropometric variables were the only discriminants able to predict insulin resistance in males.</p> Conclusion <p>Dietary AGEs exert a sex-dependent effect on insulin resistance as their intake is associated with and able to predict HOMA-IR in females but not males. This suggests that females may be more susceptible to the deleterious impact of these glycotoxins on insulin sensitivity. Nevertheless, considering this study not involving a nutritional intervention to directly elucidate whether the effect of AGEs on insulin resistance is sex-dependent, further studies are warranted to confirm the present findings.</p>

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Advanced glycation end-product intake predicts insulin resistance in a sex-dependent fashion

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Domenico Sergi,
  • Sharon Angelini,
  • Riccardo Spaggiari,
  • Fabiola Castaldo,
  • Giovanni Zuliani,
  • Juana Maria Sanz,
  • Angelina Passaro,
  • Edoardo Dalla Nora,
  • Gloria Brombo,
  • Eleonora Capati,
  • Cecilia Soavi,
  • Rosella Colonna,
  • Elettra Mantovani,
  • Mario Luca Morieri,
  • Maria Agata Miselli,
  • Alice Omenetto,
  • Sefora Del Mastro,
  • Gabriella Stifani,
  • Daniela Francesconi,
  • Stefano Lazzer,
  • Giovanelli Nicola,
  • Mirco Floreani,
  • Martina Arteni,
  • Alberto Botter,
  • Desy Salvadego,
  • Gianni Biolo,
  • Roberta Situlin,
  • Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo,
  • Mariella Sturma,
  • Giuseppe Castiglia,
  • Marcello Tence,
  • Greta Del Fabbro,
  • Sara Mazzucco,
  • Paolo De Colle,
  • Boštjan Šimunič,
  • Rado Pišot,
  • Uroš Marušič,
  • Matej Plevnik,
  • Saša Pišot,
  • Dorjana Zerbo,
  • Nina Mohorko,
  • Petra Dolenc,
  • Mojca Gabrijelčič Blenkuš

摘要

Purpose

Dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in promoting insulin resistance. However, their impact on insulin resistance in a mixed population made up of males and females remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the relationship between dietary AGEs and insulin resistance may be sex-dependent.

Methods

195 males and 239 females were included in this cross-sectional study. Study participants underwent anthropometric and metabolic assessments. AGE intake was estimated using food frequency questionnaires and databases reporting AGE content in individual food items. The relationship between AGE intake and insulin resistance, estimated using HOMA-IR, was assessed using Pearson correlation test. The predictive power of dietary AGEs towards HOMA-IR was investigated using stepwise linear regression.

Results

AGE intake correlated positively with HOMA-IR in females (p < 0.01) but not in male study participants (p > 0.05). Moreover, AGE intake was able to increase the predictive power of BMI towards insulin resistance in females but not males. Instead, anthropometric variables were the only discriminants able to predict insulin resistance in males.

Conclusion

Dietary AGEs exert a sex-dependent effect on insulin resistance as their intake is associated with and able to predict HOMA-IR in females but not males. This suggests that females may be more susceptible to the deleterious impact of these glycotoxins on insulin sensitivity. Nevertheless, considering this study not involving a nutritional intervention to directly elucidate whether the effect of AGEs on insulin resistance is sex-dependent, further studies are warranted to confirm the present findings.