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Background <p>Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a&#xa0;common geriatric syndrome associated with an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, functional decline and mortality.</p> Objective <p>Presentation of the neurogeriatric syndromology of dysphagia by integrating disease-specific neurological and transdiagnostic geriatric aspects, including diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p> Material and methods <p>A&#xa0;literature review and analysis of current clinical guidelines were conducted.</p> Results <p>Dysphagia presents as a&#xa0;multietiological syndrome with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes identifiable by instrumental assessment, particularly flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). Besides disease-specific neurological mechanisms, transdiagnostic factors, such as presbyphagia with reduced pharyngeal sensation, sarcopenia and decreased neuroplasticity play a&#xa0;crucial role. Multimodal therapeutic approaches have proven to be effective. In various neurological disorders, disease-specific treatment also leads to an improvement in swallowing function. Across different conditions, protective measures (e.g., nutritional therapy and oral hygiene) as well as rehabilitative interventions have been shown to be effective.</p> Discussion <p>Geriatric-specific adapted assessment tools and care pathways are required to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life.</p>

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Oropharyngeale Dysphagie als neurogeriatrisches Syndrom

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月20日

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  • A. Jung,
  • B. Labeit

摘要

Background

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common geriatric syndrome associated with an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition, functional decline and mortality.

Objective

Presentation of the neurogeriatric syndromology of dysphagia by integrating disease-specific neurological and transdiagnostic geriatric aspects, including diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Material and methods

A literature review and analysis of current clinical guidelines were conducted.

Results

Dysphagia presents as a multietiological syndrome with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes identifiable by instrumental assessment, particularly flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). Besides disease-specific neurological mechanisms, transdiagnostic factors, such as presbyphagia with reduced pharyngeal sensation, sarcopenia and decreased neuroplasticity play a crucial role. Multimodal therapeutic approaches have proven to be effective. In various neurological disorders, disease-specific treatment also leads to an improvement in swallowing function. Across different conditions, protective measures (e.g., nutritional therapy and oral hygiene) as well as rehabilitative interventions have been shown to be effective.

Discussion

Geriatric-specific adapted assessment tools and care pathways are required to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life.