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<p>The use of fossil pollen records as a tool for quantifying paleoclimatic variables is a valuable technique for extending climate records to millennial scales and understanding ecosystem responses to global climate dynamics. This study presents a quantitative climate reconstruction based on fossil pollen analysis from a Pleistocene–Holocene sedimentary sequence extracted from Ciénega Tonibabi, central Sonora, Mexico. Chronological control was established through radiocarbon dating and the development of a Bayesian age-depth model. For past climate reconstruction, modern regional surface pollen samples were used as a training set, applying the Modern Analogue Technique transfer function to assign climatic conditions to each fossil sample. The integration of chronological uncertainty, along with the development of new climatic variables related to seasonal precipitation proportions, improves our understanding of the poorly documented behavior of the subtropical climate system during this highly dynamic interval. The results indicate that the chronology of climatic events in central Sonora aligns with patterns observed at higher northern latitudes. During the Late Pleistocene, colder and wetter conditions prevailed, with mean annual temperatures 5–8&#xa0;°C lower and annual precipitation 200–400 mm higher than today. The Holocene is marked by increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation, driven by changes in the frequency and intensity of climatic patterns such as the North American Monsoon and ENSO. The 8.2 and 4.2 ka global climate events also significantly influenced climate patterns in central Sonora.</p>

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Seasonal climatic patterns of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition in northwestern Mexico reconstructed from pollen data

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Carlos Alberto Galaz-Samaniego,
  • M. Cristina Peñalba,
  • José Arturo Montoya-Laos,
  • Francisco Abraham Paz-Moreno,
  • Iván Rosario Espinoza-Encinas

摘要

The use of fossil pollen records as a tool for quantifying paleoclimatic variables is a valuable technique for extending climate records to millennial scales and understanding ecosystem responses to global climate dynamics. This study presents a quantitative climate reconstruction based on fossil pollen analysis from a Pleistocene–Holocene sedimentary sequence extracted from Ciénega Tonibabi, central Sonora, Mexico. Chronological control was established through radiocarbon dating and the development of a Bayesian age-depth model. For past climate reconstruction, modern regional surface pollen samples were used as a training set, applying the Modern Analogue Technique transfer function to assign climatic conditions to each fossil sample. The integration of chronological uncertainty, along with the development of new climatic variables related to seasonal precipitation proportions, improves our understanding of the poorly documented behavior of the subtropical climate system during this highly dynamic interval. The results indicate that the chronology of climatic events in central Sonora aligns with patterns observed at higher northern latitudes. During the Late Pleistocene, colder and wetter conditions prevailed, with mean annual temperatures 5–8 °C lower and annual precipitation 200–400 mm higher than today. The Holocene is marked by increasing temperatures and decreasing precipitation, driven by changes in the frequency and intensity of climatic patterns such as the North American Monsoon and ENSO. The 8.2 and 4.2 ka global climate events also significantly influenced climate patterns in central Sonora.