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<p>Western Disturbances (WDs) in the changing climate remains a matter of research. It impacts the local populations, increased hazards, water storages, dam building, agriculture and horticulture, etc. Keeping these in view and changes in WDs characteristics, associated precipitation, mechanism and dynamics is imperatively important to assess. It is seen that WDs tracks split after ‘<i>knocking on Pamir Knot’</i> of Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayas (HKH) at ~ 70°E distinctly; then travel further above and below 35°N and again merge at ~ 120°E. These splits are having poleward and equatorward deflections at ~ 70°E associated with orographic steering and jet positioning. Present work examines causes and reasons of these deflections. And, briefly, comment on associated precipitation distribution and corresponding dynamics. ~3900 WDs during winter (October, November, December, January, February, March and April: ONDJFMA) from 1987 to 2020 are considered. To evaluate precipitation and other dynamical variables, ERA5 reanalysis data is used. WDs tracking algorithm developed by Hunt et al. (2018a) GRL 45(16):8629–8636 and Hunt et al. (2018b) QJRMS 144(710):278–290 is used. WDs with stronger (weaker) upper level zonal wind shear after knocking deflect poleward (equatorward). Poleward (equatorward) deflected WDs travel along northern (foothill) flank of the Himalayas. Out of these, WDs having strength to travel further merge at ~ 120°E.</p>

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Splitting track(s) of Western disturbance(s)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月29日

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  • Pooja,
  • A. P. Dimri

摘要

Western Disturbances (WDs) in the changing climate remains a matter of research. It impacts the local populations, increased hazards, water storages, dam building, agriculture and horticulture, etc. Keeping these in view and changes in WDs characteristics, associated precipitation, mechanism and dynamics is imperatively important to assess. It is seen that WDs tracks split after ‘knocking on Pamir Knot’ of Hindukush-Karakoram-Himalayas (HKH) at ~ 70°E distinctly; then travel further above and below 35°N and again merge at ~ 120°E. These splits are having poleward and equatorward deflections at ~ 70°E associated with orographic steering and jet positioning. Present work examines causes and reasons of these deflections. And, briefly, comment on associated precipitation distribution and corresponding dynamics. ~3900 WDs during winter (October, November, December, January, February, March and April: ONDJFMA) from 1987 to 2020 are considered. To evaluate precipitation and other dynamical variables, ERA5 reanalysis data is used. WDs tracking algorithm developed by Hunt et al. (2018a) GRL 45(16):8629–8636 and Hunt et al. (2018b) QJRMS 144(710):278–290 is used. WDs with stronger (weaker) upper level zonal wind shear after knocking deflect poleward (equatorward). Poleward (equatorward) deflected WDs travel along northern (foothill) flank of the Himalayas. Out of these, WDs having strength to travel further merge at ~ 120°E.