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<p>Indian summer monsoon exerts significant influences on the climate over northern China (North China and Northeast China, NC-NEC), yet its sub-seasonal characteristics, especially in early summer (June), remain insufficiently understood. Based on statistical analysis and numerical simulations, this study investigates the impacts of Indian monsoon activity on NC-NEC climate during early summer. The results indicate that enhanced precipitation over the northern Indian Peninsula (NIP) is associated with increased (decreased) precipitation and decreased (increased) surface air temperature over NC (NEC). Monsoon heating triggers an upper-tropospheric Rossby wave train propagating along the westerly jet stream, strengthening the Eurasian component of the circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) pattern. The CGT wave center over East Asia induces anticyclonic anomalies over NEC, weakening the trough embedded in the northern branch of East Asian westerlies and suppressing precipitation, while enhanced downward shortwave radiation and warm southerly airflow favor surface warming. Additionally, CGT-induced anomalies drive the northwestward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high, promoting the northward migration of East Asian monsoon rainband and enhancing precipitation over NC. The accompanying evaporative cooling and reduced downward shortwave radiation are partially offset by latent heat release and warm airflow, yielding modest cooling. Idealized experiments using the linear baroclinic model corroborate these findings, demonstrating that diabatic heating over NIP effectively excites a CGT-like Eurasian wave train and largely reproduces observed circulation anomalies over NC-NEC. This study provides new insights into mechanisms linking Indian monsoon to NC-NEC climate, highlighting the pivotal role of CGT in bridging South Asian and East Asian climate variability.</p>

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Early summer climate variability over Northern China modulated by Indian monsoon activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Jingqiu Yang,
  • Haishan Chen,
  • Yonghua Li

摘要

Indian summer monsoon exerts significant influences on the climate over northern China (North China and Northeast China, NC-NEC), yet its sub-seasonal characteristics, especially in early summer (June), remain insufficiently understood. Based on statistical analysis and numerical simulations, this study investigates the impacts of Indian monsoon activity on NC-NEC climate during early summer. The results indicate that enhanced precipitation over the northern Indian Peninsula (NIP) is associated with increased (decreased) precipitation and decreased (increased) surface air temperature over NC (NEC). Monsoon heating triggers an upper-tropospheric Rossby wave train propagating along the westerly jet stream, strengthening the Eurasian component of the circumglobal teleconnection (CGT) pattern. The CGT wave center over East Asia induces anticyclonic anomalies over NEC, weakening the trough embedded in the northern branch of East Asian westerlies and suppressing precipitation, while enhanced downward shortwave radiation and warm southerly airflow favor surface warming. Additionally, CGT-induced anomalies drive the northwestward extension of the western Pacific subtropical high, promoting the northward migration of East Asian monsoon rainband and enhancing precipitation over NC. The accompanying evaporative cooling and reduced downward shortwave radiation are partially offset by latent heat release and warm airflow, yielding modest cooling. Idealized experiments using the linear baroclinic model corroborate these findings, demonstrating that diabatic heating over NIP effectively excites a CGT-like Eurasian wave train and largely reproduces observed circulation anomalies over NC-NEC. This study provides new insights into mechanisms linking Indian monsoon to NC-NEC climate, highlighting the pivotal role of CGT in bridging South Asian and East Asian climate variability.