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<p>Precipitation in eastern China exhibits complex spatiotemporal characteristics, making it challenging to develop a unified index that captures precipitation variability in both North and South China. Although various indices have been proposed, few effectively characterize their coordinated variations. In this study, we construct a novel Precipitation Index (PI) based on observational data from 1979 to 2021, aiming to characterize the joint anomalies of precipitation in North and South China. Compared with the existing indices, PI exhibits significantly higher correlations with regional precipitation and can be used to&#xa0;describe&#xa0;the synchronous changes of precipitation in these two&#xa0;areas more accurately. Atmospheric diagnostics show that the enhanced convection, abundant moisture supply, and favorable low-level circulation patterns are favorable for increased precipitation in both regions in high PI years. In contrast, low PI years are associated with anomalous circulation that suppresses precipitation. These findings underscore the role of dynamic and thermodynamic coupling in shaping synchronous precipitation anomalies in North and South China, offering a new perspective for understanding precipitation variability in eastern China.</p>

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A new precipitation index for summer precipitation in eastern China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月20日

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  • Jingyan Guo,
  • Wenping He,
  • Shuping Li,
  • Siyi Wang

摘要

Precipitation in eastern China exhibits complex spatiotemporal characteristics, making it challenging to develop a unified index that captures precipitation variability in both North and South China. Although various indices have been proposed, few effectively characterize their coordinated variations. In this study, we construct a novel Precipitation Index (PI) based on observational data from 1979 to 2021, aiming to characterize the joint anomalies of precipitation in North and South China. Compared with the existing indices, PI exhibits significantly higher correlations with regional precipitation and can be used to describe the synchronous changes of precipitation in these two areas more accurately. Atmospheric diagnostics show that the enhanced convection, abundant moisture supply, and favorable low-level circulation patterns are favorable for increased precipitation in both regions in high PI years. In contrast, low PI years are associated with anomalous circulation that suppresses precipitation. These findings underscore the role of dynamic and thermodynamic coupling in shaping synchronous precipitation anomalies in North and South China, offering a new perspective for understanding precipitation variability in eastern China.