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<p>Indian Ocean water exchange is vital for energy and material exchange across the ocean basin. So far, knowledge of the freshwater exchange between the equator and the Southwest Indian Ocean remains limited. By examining volume transport and salinity variations during 1994–2020, this study suggests that the westward Equatorial Undercurrent (wEUC) provides freshwater for the Seychelles–Chagos&#xa0;Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) upwelling during boreal summer–autumn. During June–August, the wEUC occurs in the western Indian Ocean, and transports freshwater to the subsurface of the main region of the SCTR with a lag time of one month, followed by upwelling to the upper surface layer. On interannual timescales, the enhanced wEUC during negative Indian Ocean Dipole years and strong equatorial winds years provides more freshwater for intensified upwelling in the SCTR. This research contributes to our knowledge of freshwater exchange in the tropical Indian Ocean and may provide a new perspective on the branch of the shallow meridional overturning circulation in the Indian Ocean.</p>

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The role of the Westward Equatorial Undercurrent in feeding the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge upwelling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Weiqi Hong,
  • Gengxin Chen,
  • Weiqing Han,
  • Tiecheng Zhang

摘要

Indian Ocean water exchange is vital for energy and material exchange across the ocean basin. So far, knowledge of the freshwater exchange between the equator and the Southwest Indian Ocean remains limited. By examining volume transport and salinity variations during 1994–2020, this study suggests that the westward Equatorial Undercurrent (wEUC) provides freshwater for the Seychelles–Chagos Thermocline Ridge (SCTR) upwelling during boreal summer–autumn. During June–August, the wEUC occurs in the western Indian Ocean, and transports freshwater to the subsurface of the main region of the SCTR with a lag time of one month, followed by upwelling to the upper surface layer. On interannual timescales, the enhanced wEUC during negative Indian Ocean Dipole years and strong equatorial winds years provides more freshwater for intensified upwelling in the SCTR. This research contributes to our knowledge of freshwater exchange in the tropical Indian Ocean and may provide a new perspective on the branch of the shallow meridional overturning circulation in the Indian Ocean.