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<p>Due to the sparse distribution of meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains (QM), satellite and reanalysis precipitation (SRP) products are essential supplements to rain gauge data. However, their evaluations remain ambiguous and are predominantly based on single statistical analyses. This study evaluates the performance of six SRP products (NCEP2, MERRA2, ERA5-Land, PERSIANN-CDR, MSWEP, and TRMM) across various spatiotemporal scales in the QM, using the SWAT model to assess their hydrological applicability in the Xiying River Basin (XYRB), Heihe River Basin (HHRB), and Danghe River Basin (DHRB). The main conclusions are as follows: MSWEP exhibits superior accuracy compared to other products in point-to-pixel evaluations, especially in the western QM. TRMM is well-suited for estimating precipitation in the eastern QM, excelling in XYRB hydrological simulations. ERA5-Land overestimates precipitation more in the eastern and central regions, especially in autumn and winter, but performs best in simulating streamflow in the HHRB. PERSIANN-CDR significantly underestimates winter precipitation in the central QM and performs poorly in hydrological simulations. NCEP2 exhibits the largest prediction error among the six products, with better hydrological performance in the XYRB than in the HHRB, while MERRA2 performs better in the HHRB. The SRP products perform well in detecting drizzle to light rain, but NCEP2, MERRA2, PERSIANN-CDR, and TRMM show lower accuracy in detecting light to torrential rainfall.</p>

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Coupled statistical analysis and hydrological simulation to evaluate the performance of satellite and reanalysis precipitation products in the Qilian Mountains, Northwest China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月23日

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  • Yawen Li,
  • Meixue Yang,
  • Guoning Wan,
  • Yuanwei Man,
  • Xuejia Wang

摘要

Due to the sparse distribution of meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains (QM), satellite and reanalysis precipitation (SRP) products are essential supplements to rain gauge data. However, their evaluations remain ambiguous and are predominantly based on single statistical analyses. This study evaluates the performance of six SRP products (NCEP2, MERRA2, ERA5-Land, PERSIANN-CDR, MSWEP, and TRMM) across various spatiotemporal scales in the QM, using the SWAT model to assess their hydrological applicability in the Xiying River Basin (XYRB), Heihe River Basin (HHRB), and Danghe River Basin (DHRB). The main conclusions are as follows: MSWEP exhibits superior accuracy compared to other products in point-to-pixel evaluations, especially in the western QM. TRMM is well-suited for estimating precipitation in the eastern QM, excelling in XYRB hydrological simulations. ERA5-Land overestimates precipitation more in the eastern and central regions, especially in autumn and winter, but performs best in simulating streamflow in the HHRB. PERSIANN-CDR significantly underestimates winter precipitation in the central QM and performs poorly in hydrological simulations. NCEP2 exhibits the largest prediction error among the six products, with better hydrological performance in the XYRB than in the HHRB, while MERRA2 performs better in the HHRB. The SRP products perform well in detecting drizzle to light rain, but NCEP2, MERRA2, PERSIANN-CDR, and TRMM show lower accuracy in detecting light to torrential rainfall.