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<p>This study presents an assessment of ERA-5 reanalysis representation of horizontal and vertical winds based on comparative analysis with data from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR). Analyzed are long-term average conditions during an extended boreal winter (November-March) as well as sub-diurnal variability, and variability of thereof associated with assorted large-scale phenomena such as El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves (CCKW). The study reveals a close alignment between average horizontal wind data observed by radar and represented in reanalysis and significant divergence between both data sources in vertical wind. Both EAR and ERA-5 indicate that the influence of large-scale modes on the wind in the troposphere over Sumatra is most pronounced in the lower and upper troposphere. Furthermore, this influence is significantly greater for modes with shorter time scales (MJO, CCKW) than for those with longer time scales (ENSO, QBO). Despite the stratospheric nature of QBO, data from EAR reveal QBOs impact on the upper tropospheric winds as well.</p>

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Tropospheric winds over West Sumatra—a comparison between ERA-5 reanalysis and equatorial atmosphere radar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月15日

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  • Wojciech Szkolka,
  • Dariusz B. Baranowski,
  • Piotr J. Flatau,
  • Marzuki,
  • Toyoshi Shimomai,
  • Hiroyuki Hashiguchi

摘要

This study presents an assessment of ERA-5 reanalysis representation of horizontal and vertical winds based on comparative analysis with data from Equatorial Atmosphere Radar (EAR). Analyzed are long-term average conditions during an extended boreal winter (November-March) as well as sub-diurnal variability, and variability of thereof associated with assorted large-scale phenomena such as El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Madden–Julian Oscillation (MJO), and Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves (CCKW). The study reveals a close alignment between average horizontal wind data observed by radar and represented in reanalysis and significant divergence between both data sources in vertical wind. Both EAR and ERA-5 indicate that the influence of large-scale modes on the wind in the troposphere over Sumatra is most pronounced in the lower and upper troposphere. Furthermore, this influence is significantly greater for modes with shorter time scales (MJO, CCKW) than for those with longer time scales (ENSO, QBO). Despite the stratospheric nature of QBO, data from EAR reveal QBOs impact on the upper tropospheric winds as well.