Aerosol in the subarctic region impacts on Atlantic meridional overturning circulation under global warming

The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is a crucial system influencing regional and even global climate changes, with the Subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA) being a key region affecting this system. In the context of global climate change, the impact and mechanisms of aerosols on the AMOC remain unclear. This study, based on state-of-the-art ensemble model simulations paired with latest observations, reveals that aerosols in the SPNA region significantly influence sea surface temperature anomalies by affecting cloud cover, which in turn affects ocean stratification, thus impacting the strength of the AMOC. Based on this, we present the trends and spatiotemporal characteristics of future AMOC under different forcings. Our research contributes to a deeper understanding and prediction of the AMOC.