Addressing the oversight medical cases in low-middle-income countries: poor mention of shaken baby syndrome in Nigeria; reasons, challenges, and recommendations

Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is a severe form of child abuse that results in a triad of clinical findings: subdural hematoma, retinal hemorrhages, and encephalopathy. These injuries can lead to significant brain damage, developmental delays, disabilities, or even death. In addition to these, other indicative signs include bruises, vomiting, full fontanelles, sleepiness, seizures, and fractures.

This paper reviews the existing literature on SBS in Nigeria, identifies the challenges contributing to its underrecognition, and provides evidence-based recommendations for improving diagnosis, management, and prevention strategies in the region.

Despite the profound impact of SBS, its recognition and management are inadequate, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Nigeria, due to limited diagnostic capabilities and documentation. Addressing these gaps is crucial for safeguarding the well-being of infants and young children in Nigeria.