<p>The characteristics of summertime raindrop size distribution (DSD) and associated relations in the semi-arid region over the Inner Mongolian Plateau (IMP) were investigated, utilizing five-year continuous observations by a PARSIVEL² disdrometer in East Ujimqin County (EUC), China. It is found that only 7.94% of the 15 664 one-min precipitation samples meet classification criteria as convective rain (CR), but its contribution to the total rainfall amount is 63.87%. Notably, 40.72% of the rainfall comes from large-sized raindrops (<i>D</i> &gt; 3 mm), despite the fact that large-sized raindrops account for only 1.73% of the CR total number concentration. Further results show that the mean value of mass-weighted mean diameters (<i>D</i>_m) is larger (2.43 mm) and generalized intercepts (lg<i>N</i>_w) is lower (3.19) in CR, aligning with a “continental-like” cluster, which is mainly influenced by the joint impact of in-cloud ice-based processes and the below-cloud environmental background. Also, the empirical relationships of shape–slope (<i>μ</i>-<i>Λ</i>), radar reflectivity–rain rate (<i>Z</i>-<i>R</i>), and rainfall kinetic energy (KE_time-<i>R</i> and KE_time-<i>Z</i>) are localized. To quantitatively analyze the impact of DSD parameters on kinetic energy estimation, power-law KE_time-<i>R</i> and KE_time-<i>Z</i> relationships are derived based on the normalized gamma distribution. <i>N</i>_w takes precedence over <i>μ</i> in affecting variabilities of multiplicative coefficients, especially for KE_time-<i>R</i> relationship where the multiplicative coefficient is proportional to <i>N</i>_w⁻⁰²⁸⁷. It should be noted that although the proportion of CR occurring throughout the summer is small, raindrops with lower <i>N</i>_w and larger <i>D</i>_m will generate higher KE_time, which will bring a higher potential risk of soil erosion in semi-arid regions over IMP.</p>