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<p>We conducted a field experiment comparing conventional fertilization (CK) with four gradient levels of biochar (T1: 0.45 t/hm², T2: 0.9 t/hm², T3: 1.35 t/hm², T4: 1.8 t/hm²) to elucidate its regulatory effects on the rhizosphere microbial community in tobacco cultivation. The results demonstrated that the T2 treatment significantly increased soil pH by 1.03 units, while available phosphorus and readily available potassium contents surged by 168.92% and 43.41%, respectively. Moreover, the activities of acid phosphatase and urease were enhanced by 32.17% and 74.86%, respectively. Biochar application not only enhanced microbial diversity and the relative abundance of dominant phyla but also facilitated interactions between soil environmental factors and microbial communities. Notably, the influence of biochar on rhizosphere microbial community composition diminished progressively as tobacco growth advanced. Aggregated Boosted Tree analysis revealed that available potassium (31.23%) and electrical conductivity (21.48%) were the primary determinants of bacterial community variation, whereas electrical conductivity (24.26%), pH (21.35%), and available potassium (21.30%) were the major drivers of fungal community variation. Furthermore, biochar significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with soil carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and energy cycling—particularly those involved in carbon fixation and methane metabolism. This study elucidates the dynamic shifts in soil microbial community composition and function across different growth stages of tobacco under biochar application, providing valuable insights for optimizing soil management practices and enhancing soil quality.</p>

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Dynamic modulation of rhizosphere microbial diversity and function across tobacco growth stages by biochar

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月17日

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  • Jie Yang,
  • Kunhao Guan,
  • Qingli Xiao,
  • Chao Yang,
  • Kui Peng,
  • Pingwei Qin,
  • Chaopeng Song,
  • Xiaoyan Dai

摘要

We conducted a field experiment comparing conventional fertilization (CK) with four gradient levels of biochar (T1: 0.45 t/hm², T2: 0.9 t/hm², T3: 1.35 t/hm², T4: 1.8 t/hm²) to elucidate its regulatory effects on the rhizosphere microbial community in tobacco cultivation. The results demonstrated that the T2 treatment significantly increased soil pH by 1.03 units, while available phosphorus and readily available potassium contents surged by 168.92% and 43.41%, respectively. Moreover, the activities of acid phosphatase and urease were enhanced by 32.17% and 74.86%, respectively. Biochar application not only enhanced microbial diversity and the relative abundance of dominant phyla but also facilitated interactions between soil environmental factors and microbial communities. Notably, the influence of biochar on rhizosphere microbial community composition diminished progressively as tobacco growth advanced. Aggregated Boosted Tree analysis revealed that available potassium (31.23%) and electrical conductivity (21.48%) were the primary determinants of bacterial community variation, whereas electrical conductivity (24.26%), pH (21.35%), and available potassium (21.30%) were the major drivers of fungal community variation. Furthermore, biochar significantly increased the abundance of genes associated with soil carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and energy cycling—particularly those involved in carbon fixation and methane metabolism. This study elucidates the dynamic shifts in soil microbial community composition and function across different growth stages of tobacco under biochar application, providing valuable insights for optimizing soil management practices and enhancing soil quality.