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<p>Root exudations, particularly organic acids, play pivotal role in plant–microbial interactions and plant drought resistance. Nonetheless, the regulation of organic acid exudation from roots and its intricate interplay with rhizosphere bacteria during the drought<b>–</b>rehydration cycle in <i>Broussonetia papyrifera</i> remained unexplored. Three provenances of <i>B. papyrifera</i> (Guizhou, Henan, and Shandong in China) were planted under three drought intensity levels (exceeding 75%, 50–60%, and 25–35% of soil field water capacity). Organic acid exudation from roots, soil nutrients, and the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities across drought stages were quantified at 7, 14, and 28 days after drought onset, and at 7 and 14 days after rewatering. Drought led to an increased root exudation rate of total organic acids, with significant rises in malic, acetic, and oxalic acid, accompanied by Shifts in community composition, and reduced network stability of rhizosphere bacterial communities. After 7 days of rewatering, the exudation rate of organic acids decreased. Conversely, it increased after 14 days, with most pre-drought-depleted microbial species and interactions showing signs of recovery. However, community composition and network stability did not fully return to the pre-drought state. The rhizosphere microbiome responded to drought through plant-mediated adjustments in root exudation, particularly of oxalic and acetic acids, via phosphorus transform in soil. Therefore, this study highlights that plants enhance drought resistance by increasing root organic acids secretion and responding to rhizosphere microbiome shifts, with the effects of drought on root exudate sand microbial communities being irreversible in current period.</p>

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Root organic acid exudation mediates rhizosphere bacteria dynamics during drought–rehydration in Broussonetia papyrifera

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月19日

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  • Qingxia Zhao,
  • Yinmei Cai,
  • Tianxu Mao,
  • Yajing Yu,
  • Jie Li

摘要

Root exudations, particularly organic acids, play pivotal role in plant–microbial interactions and plant drought resistance. Nonetheless, the regulation of organic acid exudation from roots and its intricate interplay with rhizosphere bacteria during the drought–rehydration cycle in Broussonetia papyrifera remained unexplored. Three provenances of B. papyrifera (Guizhou, Henan, and Shandong in China) were planted under three drought intensity levels (exceeding 75%, 50–60%, and 25–35% of soil field water capacity). Organic acid exudation from roots, soil nutrients, and the composition of rhizosphere bacterial communities across drought stages were quantified at 7, 14, and 28 days after drought onset, and at 7 and 14 days after rewatering. Drought led to an increased root exudation rate of total organic acids, with significant rises in malic, acetic, and oxalic acid, accompanied by Shifts in community composition, and reduced network stability of rhizosphere bacterial communities. After 7 days of rewatering, the exudation rate of organic acids decreased. Conversely, it increased after 14 days, with most pre-drought-depleted microbial species and interactions showing signs of recovery. However, community composition and network stability did not fully return to the pre-drought state. The rhizosphere microbiome responded to drought through plant-mediated adjustments in root exudation, particularly of oxalic and acetic acids, via phosphorus transform in soil. Therefore, this study highlights that plants enhance drought resistance by increasing root organic acids secretion and responding to rhizosphere microbiome shifts, with the effects of drought on root exudate sand microbial communities being irreversible in current period.