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<p>Cloud cavitation over twisted hydrofoils involves complex multiscale bubble distributions. In this study, a microscale bubble measurement technique and identification method based on high-speed imaging are developed to analyze the evolution of bubble clusters and size distributions ranging from micrometers to millimeters under various cavitation numbers. The algorithm integrates adaptive denoising and watershed segmentation to efficiently capture the densely distributed microbubble clusters. The method is validated through comparison with fiber-optic probe measurements, showing discrepancies of less than 6%. Temporal and spatial analyses capture the evolution of cloud cavitation and the emergence of the U-shaped structure. The microbubble density exhibits a clear decay in both the streamwise and wall-normal directions. Periodic variations in bubble number and diameter reveal a fragmentation process, which is strongly influenced by the U-shaped structure. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) identifies the dominant unstable mode associated with cavity shedding of vapor cloud and the temporal variation of microbubble number. The bubble size distribution follows a -10/3 power-law beyond a critical size, indicating shear-driven fragmentation mechanisms.</p>

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Identification and evolution of microbubbles within cloud cavitation over twisted hydrofoil

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Wenbiao Huang,
  • Yuwei Wang,
  • Hao Zhang,
  • Lianghao Xu,
  • Hongbo Huang,
  • Guoping Zhang,
  • Qingqing Ye

摘要

Cloud cavitation over twisted hydrofoils involves complex multiscale bubble distributions. In this study, a microscale bubble measurement technique and identification method based on high-speed imaging are developed to analyze the evolution of bubble clusters and size distributions ranging from micrometers to millimeters under various cavitation numbers. The algorithm integrates adaptive denoising and watershed segmentation to efficiently capture the densely distributed microbubble clusters. The method is validated through comparison with fiber-optic probe measurements, showing discrepancies of less than 6%. Temporal and spatial analyses capture the evolution of cloud cavitation and the emergence of the U-shaped structure. The microbubble density exhibits a clear decay in both the streamwise and wall-normal directions. Periodic variations in bubble number and diameter reveal a fragmentation process, which is strongly influenced by the U-shaped structure. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) identifies the dominant unstable mode associated with cavity shedding of vapor cloud and the temporal variation of microbubble number. The bubble size distribution follows a -10/3 power-law beyond a critical size, indicating shear-driven fragmentation mechanisms.