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Background <p>Dry eye disease is one of the most frequent surface diseases of the human eye. Although its etiology has not yet been established in detail, inflammatory components are increasingly considered as key factors in the development of the disease. Through inflammatory cascades stress at the ocular surface induces the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which additionally lead to oxidative stress. The end point of this cascade is the secretion of mediators of inflammation, which again release ROS. Corneal epithelial cells and goblet cells lose their integrity, further fueling tear film destabilization and ocular surface damage.</p> Aim of the study (objective) <p>Various foodstuffs and nutrients are known for their antioxidative and/or anti-inflammatory characteristics, leading to an increasing interest of the role of nutritional supplements in the treatment of different diseases. This review summarizes dietary supplements that have shown positive effects on the ocular surface in dry eye disease in clinical studies.</p> Material and methods <p>A&#xa0;systematic review was performed for studies published in English on the use of dietary supplements in the treatment of dry eye disease up to July 2025 analyzing quantitative or qualitative data. PubMed served as the database, the sub-items of the review (essential fatty acids, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, plant substances and probiotics) were used as keywords. The results included reflect the clinical relevance and application possibilities, which evaluated the impact of dietary supplements in the treatment of dry eye disease.</p> Results <p>The most important nutrient categories associated with dry eye disease include essential fatty acids, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, phytochemicals, and probiotics. Oral supplementation has shown positive effects, although frequent blood count tests to determine levels are essential in cases of long-term use. Omega fatty acids are the most comprehensively studied dietary supplements with the highest rate of randomized controlled trials (evidence level&#xa0;1).</p> Conclusion <p>Nutritional dietary supplementation is promising but there is a&#xa0;need for further clinical research, especially regarding optimized supplement dosing and potential synergistic treatment effects in combination with conventional treatment methods.</p>

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Nahrungsergänzungsmittel beim trockenen Auge

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月14日

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  • Barbara Sophie Brunner,
  • S. Kassumeh,
  • S. G. Priglinger,
  • E. M. Messmer

摘要

Background

Dry eye disease is one of the most frequent surface diseases of the human eye. Although its etiology has not yet been established in detail, inflammatory components are increasingly considered as key factors in the development of the disease. Through inflammatory cascades stress at the ocular surface induces the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which additionally lead to oxidative stress. The end point of this cascade is the secretion of mediators of inflammation, which again release ROS. Corneal epithelial cells and goblet cells lose their integrity, further fueling tear film destabilization and ocular surface damage.

Aim of the study (objective)

Various foodstuffs and nutrients are known for their antioxidative and/or anti-inflammatory characteristics, leading to an increasing interest of the role of nutritional supplements in the treatment of different diseases. This review summarizes dietary supplements that have shown positive effects on the ocular surface in dry eye disease in clinical studies.

Material and methods

A systematic review was performed for studies published in English on the use of dietary supplements in the treatment of dry eye disease up to July 2025 analyzing quantitative or qualitative data. PubMed served as the database, the sub-items of the review (essential fatty acids, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, plant substances and probiotics) were used as keywords. The results included reflect the clinical relevance and application possibilities, which evaluated the impact of dietary supplements in the treatment of dry eye disease.

Results

The most important nutrient categories associated with dry eye disease include essential fatty acids, vitamins, trace elements, minerals, phytochemicals, and probiotics. Oral supplementation has shown positive effects, although frequent blood count tests to determine levels are essential in cases of long-term use. Omega fatty acids are the most comprehensively studied dietary supplements with the highest rate of randomized controlled trials (evidence level 1).

Conclusion

Nutritional dietary supplementation is promising but there is a need for further clinical research, especially regarding optimized supplement dosing and potential synergistic treatment effects in combination with conventional treatment methods.