Iatrogene Netzhautdefekte nach intravitrealer operativer Medikamenteneingabe

Intravitreal operative drug injections represent one of the most frequently performed medical interventions. The risk profile is low. In addition to intraocular pressure elevation, the most frequent complications include exogenous endophthalmitis, vitreous hemorrhage and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Furthermore, isolated cases of lens injuries, macular holes associated with vitreoretinal traction and peripheral retinal defects have been described. In the present case series sharp iatrogenic macular and retinal defects are described.

Retrospective multicenter case collection of patients with iatrogenic retinal defects after intravitreal injections from 2016 to 2023.

Iatrogenic retinal trauma after intravitreal injections for treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration was identified in 9 cases (72 years ± 8.1, 3 eyes pseudophakic). While sharp injuries within the macula occurred in six cases, extramacular lesions were detected in the other cases.

Iatrogenic retinal and macular injuries are rare complications of intravitreal injections and when correctly carried out are preventable, especially with respect to use of cannulas and the choice of the distance from the limbus.