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Purpose <p>To assess the association between serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities, stone recurrence risk, and patient and stone characteristics in calcium-based pediatric stone formers; aiming to refine the indication for metabolic evaluation in pediatric urolithiasis population.</p> Patients and methods <p>The study included 80 pediatric patients &lt; 18 years with a history of intervention for calcium-based stones at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt, between 2001 and 2022. Electronic database was reviewed for patient and stone characteristics. Serum and 24-hour urinary metabolic evaluation was done. The primary outcome was to assess the association between serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities, and patient and stone characteristics. A secondary outcome was to assess risk factors associated with stone recurrence.</p> Results <p>Serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities were present in 31.25% and 73.75% of the study population, respectively. There was no significant difference between normal and abnormal groups of serum and 24-hour urine chemistry in relation to all assessed patient and stone characteristics. However, there was a significant association between stone laterality and risk of recurrence (HR: 3.801, 95% CI: 1.239–11.662, <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">p</Emphasis> = 0.02); being ~ 3.8 times higher with bilateral urolithiasis (78.3% vs. 21.8% with unilateral urolithiasis).</p> Conclusion <p>Routine serum and 24-hour urinary metabolic evaluation is still indicated in all pediatric calcium-based stone formers; being a high-risk population. However, the recurrence risk is higher in patients with bilateral urolithiasis. So, in case of limited resources, metabolic evaluation could be restricted to this group of patients only.</p>

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Metabolic abnormalities, recurrence risk, patient and stone characteristics in calcium-based pediatric stone formers: is there any association?

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月19日

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  • Abdullah A. Sobh,
  • Ahmed M. Shoma,
  • Ahmed Abdelhalim,
  • Abdelwahab Hashem,
  • Amr A. Elsawy,
  • Wael I. Mortada,
  • Kareem A. Nabieh,
  • Nasr A. El-Tabey

摘要

Purpose

To assess the association between serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities, stone recurrence risk, and patient and stone characteristics in calcium-based pediatric stone formers; aiming to refine the indication for metabolic evaluation in pediatric urolithiasis population.

Patients and methods

The study included 80 pediatric patients < 18 years with a history of intervention for calcium-based stones at the Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt, between 2001 and 2022. Electronic database was reviewed for patient and stone characteristics. Serum and 24-hour urinary metabolic evaluation was done. The primary outcome was to assess the association between serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities, and patient and stone characteristics. A secondary outcome was to assess risk factors associated with stone recurrence.

Results

Serum and urinary metabolic abnormalities were present in 31.25% and 73.75% of the study population, respectively. There was no significant difference between normal and abnormal groups of serum and 24-hour urine chemistry in relation to all assessed patient and stone characteristics. However, there was a significant association between stone laterality and risk of recurrence (HR: 3.801, 95% CI: 1.239–11.662, p = 0.02); being ~ 3.8 times higher with bilateral urolithiasis (78.3% vs. 21.8% with unilateral urolithiasis).

Conclusion

Routine serum and 24-hour urinary metabolic evaluation is still indicated in all pediatric calcium-based stone formers; being a high-risk population. However, the recurrence risk is higher in patients with bilateral urolithiasis. So, in case of limited resources, metabolic evaluation could be restricted to this group of patients only.