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<p>The objective of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and morphophysiological characteristics of four sweet potato genotypes with contrasting productivity levels (UFLA-464, UFLA-1432, UFLA-268 and UFLA-713) across different seasons, aiming to understand phenotypic plasticity and its impact on productivity. The experiment was conducted in the field during two planting seasons (winter and summer), with irrigation maintained at field capacity to ensure controlled condit,ions for plant growth. Biometric growth analyses, gas exchange measurements, anatomical evaluations, and the calculation of the relative distance plasticity index (RDPI) were performed. Results revealed that genotypes UFLA-464 and UFLA-1432 exhibited superior productivity, particularly in winter, attributed to high gas exchange efficiency, optimized mesophyll anatomy (e.g., thicker palisade parenchyma), and greater root biomass allocation. These traits correlated with enhanced water-use efficiency (WUE) and photosynthetic stability under lower precipitation and higher solar radiation. In contrast, UFLA-268 and UFLA-713 showed maladaptive plasticity, with increased specific leaf area and spongy parenchyma thickness but poor root yield. The RDPI highlighted genotype-specific plasticity, with UFLA-268 displaying the highest variability (62%) but inferior functional coordination. The findings underscore the importance of selecting genotypes with integrated anatomical and physiological plasticity for yield resilience under climatic variability, providing insights for breeding programs targeting drought-adaptive traits and sustainable sweet potato cultivation in changing environments.</p>

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Anatomical and Morphophysiological Traits of Sweet Potato Genotypes with Contrasting Productivity Under Seasonal Climate Variation: Implications for Phenotypic Plasticity and Yield Performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Mateus Vilela Pires,
  • Evaristo Mauro de Castro,
  • Orlando Gonçalvez Brito,
  • Márcio Paulo Pereira,
  • Valter Carvalho de Andrade Júnior,
  • Vinícius Politi Duarte

摘要

The objective of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and morphophysiological characteristics of four sweet potato genotypes with contrasting productivity levels (UFLA-464, UFLA-1432, UFLA-268 and UFLA-713) across different seasons, aiming to understand phenotypic plasticity and its impact on productivity. The experiment was conducted in the field during two planting seasons (winter and summer), with irrigation maintained at field capacity to ensure controlled condit,ions for plant growth. Biometric growth analyses, gas exchange measurements, anatomical evaluations, and the calculation of the relative distance plasticity index (RDPI) were performed. Results revealed that genotypes UFLA-464 and UFLA-1432 exhibited superior productivity, particularly in winter, attributed to high gas exchange efficiency, optimized mesophyll anatomy (e.g., thicker palisade parenchyma), and greater root biomass allocation. These traits correlated with enhanced water-use efficiency (WUE) and photosynthetic stability under lower precipitation and higher solar radiation. In contrast, UFLA-268 and UFLA-713 showed maladaptive plasticity, with increased specific leaf area and spongy parenchyma thickness but poor root yield. The RDPI highlighted genotype-specific plasticity, with UFLA-268 displaying the highest variability (62%) but inferior functional coordination. The findings underscore the importance of selecting genotypes with integrated anatomical and physiological plasticity for yield resilience under climatic variability, providing insights for breeding programs targeting drought-adaptive traits and sustainable sweet potato cultivation in changing environments.