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<p>Cauliflower is a nutrient-rich crop that contributes significantly to human health. Despite its benefits, cauliflower is highly susceptible to copper stress, which can adversely affect yield and quality. This study investigates the volatile compounds (VCs) produced by a newly isolated <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. strain 2CR1, to promote cauliflower plant growth and mitigate copper stress on roots. The transcriptomic analyses revealed that 2CR1 VCs enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll proteins, carbohydrate metabolic pathways, and nitrate and peptide transport, promoting cauliflower growth. In addition, the transcriptomic analyses also revealed that 2CR1 VCs regulate redox balance via the upregulation of key redox-related genes, including thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidases, and the synthesis of cysteine or cysteini-rich proteins to mitigate the copper stress. Further characterization of the 2CR1 volatiles by GC–MS revealed several important compounds, including dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, 1-undecene, etc. These findings suggest that 2CR1 VCs bolster stress resilience and growth, making this strain a potential tool for sustainable agriculture.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Volatile Compounds from Endophytic PGPM Improve Copper Tolerance by Regulating Redox Balance in Cauliflower

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Jing-Yu Chen,
  • Tri-Phuong Nguyen,
  • Chih-Cheng Lin,
  • Ching-Han Chang,
  • Jimmy Hieng-Ming Ting,
  • Ping-Fu Hou,
  • Hao-Jen Huang

摘要

Cauliflower is a nutrient-rich crop that contributes significantly to human health. Despite its benefits, cauliflower is highly susceptible to copper stress, which can adversely affect yield and quality. This study investigates the volatile compounds (VCs) produced by a newly isolated Pseudomonas sp. strain 2CR1, to promote cauliflower plant growth and mitigate copper stress on roots. The transcriptomic analyses revealed that 2CR1 VCs enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll proteins, carbohydrate metabolic pathways, and nitrate and peptide transport, promoting cauliflower growth. In addition, the transcriptomic analyses also revealed that 2CR1 VCs regulate redox balance via the upregulation of key redox-related genes, including thioredoxin, glutaredoxin, glutathione S-transferase, peroxidases, and the synthesis of cysteine or cysteini-rich proteins to mitigate the copper stress. Further characterization of the 2CR1 volatiles by GC–MS revealed several important compounds, including dimethyl disulfide, dimethyl trisulfide, 1-undecene, etc. These findings suggest that 2CR1 VCs bolster stress resilience and growth, making this strain a potential tool for sustainable agriculture.

Graphical Abstract