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<p>Shade stress is a major factor impacting the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of urban plants. <i>Iris japonica</i> is a common garden plant that is widely used in urban greening. However, the effects of shade on the growth and development of <i>I. japonica</i> remain unclear. This study used a pot experiment to investigate the morphological structure, tissue water content, osmotic substances, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant system responses of <i>I. japonica</i> to shade. In this experiment, shading significantly regulated plant growth, with above-ground stem length increasing by 60.45% under 99% shade compared with full light, accompanied by associated increases in leaf area and tissue water content. Moderate shading exerted a pronounced regulatory effect on photosynthetic pigments and biomass, as indicated by a 126.91% increase in chlorophyll a content under 90% shade, whereas severe shading was associated with reduced antioxidant capacity, as reflected by decreased ascorbic acid content and lower activities of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, catalase, and glutathione reductase, possibly owing to reduced demand for antioxidant defense under low-light conditions. Additionally, under full sunlight, <i>I. japonica</i> produced more hydrogen peroxide, soluble proteins, and sugars, while under shade, plants accumulated more proline. These findings highlight the coordinated morphological and physiological strategies that enable adaptation of <i>I</i>. <i>japonica</i> to moderate shading conditions, providing a scientific basis for the planting of <i>I. japonica</i> in low light urban environments.</p>

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Trade-off between Shade Avoidance and Tolerance Strategies in Iris japonica defines its Optimal Light Range for Urban Landscaping

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Xinjing Ning,
  • Xiaoyu Wang,
  • Xiaofang Yu,
  • Panpan Cao,
  • Xue Xiao,
  • Lijuan Yang,
  • Zishan Wang,
  • Yongxin Zhou,
  • Wenyu Ji,
  • Siqi Lu,
  • Wanru Shu,
  • Ranxi Gou,
  • Shijing You

摘要

Shade stress is a major factor impacting the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of urban plants. Iris japonica is a common garden plant that is widely used in urban greening. However, the effects of shade on the growth and development of I. japonica remain unclear. This study used a pot experiment to investigate the morphological structure, tissue water content, osmotic substances, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant system responses of I. japonica to shade. In this experiment, shading significantly regulated plant growth, with above-ground stem length increasing by 60.45% under 99% shade compared with full light, accompanied by associated increases in leaf area and tissue water content. Moderate shading exerted a pronounced regulatory effect on photosynthetic pigments and biomass, as indicated by a 126.91% increase in chlorophyll a content under 90% shade, whereas severe shading was associated with reduced antioxidant capacity, as reflected by decreased ascorbic acid content and lower activities of peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, catalase, and glutathione reductase, possibly owing to reduced demand for antioxidant defense under low-light conditions. Additionally, under full sunlight, I. japonica produced more hydrogen peroxide, soluble proteins, and sugars, while under shade, plants accumulated more proline. These findings highlight the coordinated morphological and physiological strategies that enable adaptation of I. japonica to moderate shading conditions, providing a scientific basis for the planting of I. japonica in low light urban environments.