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<p>Heat stress is a major abiotic constraint that adversely affects wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) growth and development, particularly during the critical phases of germination and early seedling establishment. Optimal germination typically occurs within a temperature range of 20–25&#xa0;°C; however, exposure to temperatures exceeding this range, especially above 25&#xa0;°C, can significantly reduce germination rates and impair early seedling vigour. In this study, the potential of boron (B), an essential micronutrient involved in various physiological and biochemical processes, was evaluated for its ability to mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress during early wheat development. A selection of wheat genotypes was subjected to a controlled heat stress regime at 32/28&#xa0;°C (day/night) to simulate supra-optimal temperature conditions. Boron was applied at different concentrations (Boric acid: 2, 4, 8, and 10&#xa0;mM; Borax: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0&#xa0;mM), and its effects were evaluated for nine days following germination. Key growth and physiological parameters—including germination percentage, shoot and root length, seedling vigour index, α-amylase activity, and the levels of soluble and insoluble sugars—were measured to determine the efficacy of boron treatment. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in all evaluated parameters in boron-treated seedlings compared to untreated controls under heat stress. Specifically, boron application enhanced enzymatic activity and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting improved energy mobilization and stress adaptation. These findings underscore the beneficial role of boron in enhancing thermotolerance during early developmental stages in wheat. The study highlights boron priming as a promising, low-cost, and sustainable agronomic strategy for improving wheat performance under elevated temperature conditions. This approach holds potential for widespread application in heat-prone agroecological regions, contributing to improved crop resilience and productivity in the context of climate variability.</p>

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Boron-Mediated Enhancement of Germination and Early Seedling Performance in Wheat Genotypes Under Heat Stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Payal Chakraborty,
  • Arghya Chattopadhyay,
  • Padmanabh Dwivedi

摘要

Heat stress is a major abiotic constraint that adversely affects wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and development, particularly during the critical phases of germination and early seedling establishment. Optimal germination typically occurs within a temperature range of 20–25 °C; however, exposure to temperatures exceeding this range, especially above 25 °C, can significantly reduce germination rates and impair early seedling vigour. In this study, the potential of boron (B), an essential micronutrient involved in various physiological and biochemical processes, was evaluated for its ability to mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress during early wheat development. A selection of wheat genotypes was subjected to a controlled heat stress regime at 32/28 °C (day/night) to simulate supra-optimal temperature conditions. Boron was applied at different concentrations (Boric acid: 2, 4, 8, and 10 mM; Borax: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mM), and its effects were evaluated for nine days following germination. Key growth and physiological parameters—including germination percentage, shoot and root length, seedling vigour index, α-amylase activity, and the levels of soluble and insoluble sugars—were measured to determine the efficacy of boron treatment. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in all evaluated parameters in boron-treated seedlings compared to untreated controls under heat stress. Specifically, boron application enhanced enzymatic activity and carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting improved energy mobilization and stress adaptation. These findings underscore the beneficial role of boron in enhancing thermotolerance during early developmental stages in wheat. The study highlights boron priming as a promising, low-cost, and sustainable agronomic strategy for improving wheat performance under elevated temperature conditions. This approach holds potential for widespread application in heat-prone agroecological regions, contributing to improved crop resilience and productivity in the context of climate variability.