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<p>Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic constraints limiting turfgrass growth, visual quality, and sustainability in landscape areas, particularly in regions where secondary-quality irrigation water is increasingly used. Developing effective and environmentally friendly management strategies to mitigate salinity-induced damage has therefore become a critical challenge for turfgrass systems. This study evaluated the effectiveness of nano silicon and humic acid in mitigating salinity stress in <i>Festuca arundinacea</i> ‘Bizem’ and <i>Lolium perenne</i> ‘Ringles’ grown under 6 dS m⁻¹ NaCl conditions. Salinity significantly reduced turfgrass quality, color, chlorophyll content, and growth parameters in both species. Nano silicon applications, especially at 200&#xa0;cc da⁻¹ (NS200), markedly alleviated salinity-induced damage. Compared with the salt-stressed control, NS200 increased chlorophyll content by 51.4–62.6%, turfgrass quality scores by 25.1–31.2%, weekly clipping dry weight by 165.1-232.4<b>%</b> across both species. In contrast, humic acid applied at 300&#xa0;cc da⁻¹ showed limited improvements under the same salinity level. Overall, the results demonstrate that nano silicon, particularly at 200&#xa0;cc da⁻¹, provides a more effective and consistent strategy than humic acid for improving physiological performance and visual quality of cool-season turfgrasses under moderate salinity stress.</p>

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Mitigating Salt Stress in Cool-Season Turfgrasses Using Nano Silicon and Humic Acid: A Comparative Evaluation on Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月17日

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  • Zeynep Benan Coşkunyel,
  • Ceren Selim,
  • Ayşe Durak,
  • Mert Çakır

摘要

Salinity stress is one of the major abiotic constraints limiting turfgrass growth, visual quality, and sustainability in landscape areas, particularly in regions where secondary-quality irrigation water is increasingly used. Developing effective and environmentally friendly management strategies to mitigate salinity-induced damage has therefore become a critical challenge for turfgrass systems. This study evaluated the effectiveness of nano silicon and humic acid in mitigating salinity stress in Festuca arundinacea ‘Bizem’ and Lolium perenne ‘Ringles’ grown under 6 dS m⁻¹ NaCl conditions. Salinity significantly reduced turfgrass quality, color, chlorophyll content, and growth parameters in both species. Nano silicon applications, especially at 200 cc da⁻¹ (NS200), markedly alleviated salinity-induced damage. Compared with the salt-stressed control, NS200 increased chlorophyll content by 51.4–62.6%, turfgrass quality scores by 25.1–31.2%, weekly clipping dry weight by 165.1-232.4% across both species. In contrast, humic acid applied at 300 cc da⁻¹ showed limited improvements under the same salinity level. Overall, the results demonstrate that nano silicon, particularly at 200 cc da⁻¹, provides a more effective and consistent strategy than humic acid for improving physiological performance and visual quality of cool-season turfgrasses under moderate salinity stress.