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<p>Salinity and drought are major constraints for global agriculture, causing ion imbalance, oxidative damage and yield losses of different crops. The NAC transcription factor family plays a pivotal role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, we characterized a stress-responsive AlNAC2 from the halophyte <i>Aeluropus lagopoides</i>, and analysed its structural features, regulatory mechanism and role towards abiotic stress tolerance. <i>AlNAC2</i> encodes 306 amino acid protein, harbouring conserved NAC subdomains (A–E) and the SNAC-motif, clustering within the SNAC-A subgroup. <i>AlNAC2</i> expression exhibited circadian pattern, reaching high at dark and lowest in light conditions. However, under salinity stress, this rhythmic expression was altered, with transcript levels peaking in light and reducing at dark. AlNAC2 showed binding to the NAC recognition sequence motif in the <i>ERD1</i> promoter, and <i>in vitro</i> interaction with AlDREB2A. <i>In planta</i> functional validation of <i>AlNAC2</i> in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i> showed improved morpho-physio-biochemical parameters in response to salinity and drought stresses. The transgenics exhibited elevated photosynthetic pigment retention and significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activities, improved ion homeostasis and decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The downstream targets genes (<i>NtCAT, NtSOD</i>, <i>NtZFP</i>, <i>NtCAM</i>, <i>NtERD10B</i> and <i>NtHSP70-3</i>) in <i>AlNAC2</i> transgenics showed upregulation during abiotic stress condition. The present study reveals that AlNAC2 positively regulates abiotic stress response by regulating ROS and ion homeostasis, making it a promising candidate for engineering stress-resilient crops.</p>

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AlNAC2 Transcription Factor from a Halophyte Aeluropus lagopoides Confers Salinity and Drought Tolerance via Ion and ROS Homeostasis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月14日

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  • Anjali Chittora,
  • Parinita Agarwal,
  • Priyanka S. Joshi,
  • Ritu Yadav,
  • Yashwanti Mudgil,
  • Pradeep K. Agarwal

摘要

Salinity and drought are major constraints for global agriculture, causing ion imbalance, oxidative damage and yield losses of different crops. The NAC transcription factor family plays a pivotal role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses. In this study, we characterized a stress-responsive AlNAC2 from the halophyte Aeluropus lagopoides, and analysed its structural features, regulatory mechanism and role towards abiotic stress tolerance. AlNAC2 encodes 306 amino acid protein, harbouring conserved NAC subdomains (A–E) and the SNAC-motif, clustering within the SNAC-A subgroup. AlNAC2 expression exhibited circadian pattern, reaching high at dark and lowest in light conditions. However, under salinity stress, this rhythmic expression was altered, with transcript levels peaking in light and reducing at dark. AlNAC2 showed binding to the NAC recognition sequence motif in the ERD1 promoter, and in vitro interaction with AlDREB2A. In planta functional validation of AlNAC2 in Nicotiana tabacum showed improved morpho-physio-biochemical parameters in response to salinity and drought stresses. The transgenics exhibited elevated photosynthetic pigment retention and significantly higher antioxidant enzyme activities, improved ion homeostasis and decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The downstream targets genes (NtCAT, NtSOD, NtZFP, NtCAM, NtERD10B and NtHSP70-3) in AlNAC2 transgenics showed upregulation during abiotic stress condition. The present study reveals that AlNAC2 positively regulates abiotic stress response by regulating ROS and ion homeostasis, making it a promising candidate for engineering stress-resilient crops.