<p>Abiotic stresses, particularly salt and drought, pose significant challenges to wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) production worldwide, severely limiting crop yield. Plant growth regulators have emerged as promising tools for stress mitigation, with melatonin (MT) and gibberellic acid (GA) showing potential in enhancing stress tolerance through their regulatory roles in plant metabolism and stress response pathways. The present study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of MT and GA in alleviating combined salt and drought stress by assessing various morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters and antioxidant defense systems in wheat (variety Pusa Vakula HI-1636). A factorial randomized complete block design experiment was conducted with wheat plants subjected to salt and drought stress and treated with MT (100 µM) and GA (10 µM) applied individually and in combination. Results demonstrated that combined salt-drought stress severely reduced shoot length (-35%), grain yield (-76%), and chlorophyll content (-24%), while increasing proline and antioxidative enzymes compared to the control. MT with GA significantly ameliorated stress-induced damage, enhancing plant height (6%), and grain yield (29%) compared to the control. The ameliorative effect was due to enhancement in secondary metabolites, osmolytes, antioxidative enzymes and reducing Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> content under dual stress. MT was better than GA in stress amelioration and the combination can provide a valuable solution to the problem of abiotic stress in plants.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Melatonin and Gibberellic Acid Co-treatment Induce Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Wheat

  • Ragini Singh,
  • Preeti Singh,
  • Anshu Jha,
  • Khusboo,
  • Shahid Umar,
  • Noushina Iqbal

摘要

Abiotic stresses, particularly salt and drought, pose significant challenges to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production worldwide, severely limiting crop yield. Plant growth regulators have emerged as promising tools for stress mitigation, with melatonin (MT) and gibberellic acid (GA) showing potential in enhancing stress tolerance through their regulatory roles in plant metabolism and stress response pathways. The present study was conducted to evaluate the synergistic effects of MT and GA in alleviating combined salt and drought stress by assessing various morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters and antioxidant defense systems in wheat (variety Pusa Vakula HI-1636). A factorial randomized complete block design experiment was conducted with wheat plants subjected to salt and drought stress and treated with MT (100 µM) and GA (10 µM) applied individually and in combination. Results demonstrated that combined salt-drought stress severely reduced shoot length (-35%), grain yield (-76%), and chlorophyll content (-24%), while increasing proline and antioxidative enzymes compared to the control. MT with GA significantly ameliorated stress-induced damage, enhancing plant height (6%), and grain yield (29%) compared to the control. The ameliorative effect was due to enhancement in secondary metabolites, osmolytes, antioxidative enzymes and reducing Na+ and Cl- content under dual stress. MT was better than GA in stress amelioration and the combination can provide a valuable solution to the problem of abiotic stress in plants.

Graphical Abstract