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<p>Ensuring uniform seedling emergence and enhanced seed quality is crucial for optimum crop establishment and high productivity. The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of seed priming and paclobutrazol foliar application on verbena (Verbena × hybrida) under Northwestern Himalayan conditions. Seedling quality was evaluated under 22 priming treatments (GA3 100 ppm, PEG-6000 and hydropriming) and the combined effect of seed priming with foliar paclobutrazol (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 ppm) applied at 40 days after transplanting was assessed for growth, flowering and seed yield. GA3 priming at 100 ppm for 24&#xa0;h resulted in significantly higher seedling emergence (84.0%), seedling length (13.6&#xa0;cm), dry weight (126.7&#xa0;mg), vigor index I (1143.5), and vigor index II (10,639.7) compared with the control. The combined treatment of GA3 priming (100 ppm, 24&#xa0;h) and paclobutrazol at 5.0 ppm (P₁×F₂) recorded the highest branching (51.9 plant⁻¹), plant spread (29.5&#xa0;cm), flower production (588.9 plant⁻¹), flowering duration (74.7 days), capsules (367.2 plant⁻¹), seed yield (3.01&#xa0;g plant⁻¹; 216.8&#xa0;kg ha⁻¹), and 1000-seed weight (2.09&#xa0;g). This study is the first to demonstrate that integrating GA3 seed priming with paclobutrazol enhances seedling vigor, reproductive efficiency and seed yield in Verbena × hybrida, providing a practical strategy to boost quality ornamental seed production in the Northwestern Himalayas.</p>

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Integrated Effects of Seed Priming and Growth Regulator Applications on Seedling Quality, Growth, Flowering and Seed Production of Verbena × Hybrida

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Vinay Chauhan,
  • Balbir Singh Dilta,
  • Rajender Sharma,
  • Rohit Verma,
  • Sapna Kaushal,
  • Umesh Sharma,
  • Neeraj Sankhyan,
  • Jyotiraditya Das,
  • Shilpa Sharma

摘要

Ensuring uniform seedling emergence and enhanced seed quality is crucial for optimum crop establishment and high productivity. The study was conducted to evaluate the influence of seed priming and paclobutrazol foliar application on verbena (Verbena × hybrida) under Northwestern Himalayan conditions. Seedling quality was evaluated under 22 priming treatments (GA3 100 ppm, PEG-6000 and hydropriming) and the combined effect of seed priming with foliar paclobutrazol (0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 ppm) applied at 40 days after transplanting was assessed for growth, flowering and seed yield. GA3 priming at 100 ppm for 24 h resulted in significantly higher seedling emergence (84.0%), seedling length (13.6 cm), dry weight (126.7 mg), vigor index I (1143.5), and vigor index II (10,639.7) compared with the control. The combined treatment of GA3 priming (100 ppm, 24 h) and paclobutrazol at 5.0 ppm (P₁×F₂) recorded the highest branching (51.9 plant⁻¹), plant spread (29.5 cm), flower production (588.9 plant⁻¹), flowering duration (74.7 days), capsules (367.2 plant⁻¹), seed yield (3.01 g plant⁻¹; 216.8 kg ha⁻¹), and 1000-seed weight (2.09 g). This study is the first to demonstrate that integrating GA3 seed priming with paclobutrazol enhances seedling vigor, reproductive efficiency and seed yield in Verbena × hybrida, providing a practical strategy to boost quality ornamental seed production in the Northwestern Himalayas.