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<p>Melatonin is an essential molecule that not only regulates plant growth and yield but also mitigates the harmful effects of different abiotic stresses. However, a critical research gap exists, as the mechanism by which melatonin alleviates the cold stress response in cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) seedlings remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the pivotal role of melatonin on cotton morpho-physiological performance under cold stress (12&#xa0;°C) and normal temperature (25&#xa0;°C) at 28 and 45 days after sowing (DAS). Different levels of melatonin 0 mM control, 50 mM, and 100 mM were applied using a knapsack electric sprayer to two cotton varieties, Sikang 1 and Sikang 3. The solutions were sprayed until they began to drip from the leaves. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three replications of each treatment. The results revealed that exogenous application of melatonin at 50 and 100 mM increased root length by (12.1–14.5%), root projected area (13.3–16.5%), root surface area (6.4–12.9%), root volume (50.0-50.1%), root tips (7.3–9.1), leaf length (4.0-17.6), leaf width (4.0-5.9%), shoot length (9.2–11.8%), total plant fresh weight (16.8–28.5), and plant height (4.1–10.4%) under cold and normal temperature, as compared with control (0 mM). Moreover, the exogenous application of melatonin increased physiological activity, such as chlorophyll <i>a</i> (21.6–23.8%), chlorophyll <i>b</i> (5.1–5.2%), carotenoids contents (13.5–18.5%), soluble protein content (4.9–6.5%), superoxide dismutase (3.5–4.3%), catalase (23.2–26.1%), peroxidase (8.6–30.3%), and ascorbate peroxidase (4.9–12.7%), while reduced malondialdehyde contents (9.7–22.1%), under cold stress and normal temperature, as compared with control. As a result, it could be concluded that the exogenous supplementation of melatonin improves cotton seedlings, but the 100 mM of melatonin had a pronounced effect on the performance of V1 cotton variety under cold and normal temperatures by mitigating the adverse effect of cold stress.</p>

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Effects of Melatonin on Morpho-Physiological Activity of Cotton Seedlings Under Cold and Normal Temperature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月29日

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  • Irshad Ahmad,
  • Guanglong Zhu,
  • Xuebing Yan,
  • Yanqing Wu,
  • Muhammad Usama Younas,
  • Guisheng Zhou

摘要

Melatonin is an essential molecule that not only regulates plant growth and yield but also mitigates the harmful effects of different abiotic stresses. However, a critical research gap exists, as the mechanism by which melatonin alleviates the cold stress response in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seedlings remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the pivotal role of melatonin on cotton morpho-physiological performance under cold stress (12 °C) and normal temperature (25 °C) at 28 and 45 days after sowing (DAS). Different levels of melatonin 0 mM control, 50 mM, and 100 mM were applied using a knapsack electric sprayer to two cotton varieties, Sikang 1 and Sikang 3. The solutions were sprayed until they began to drip from the leaves. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three replications of each treatment. The results revealed that exogenous application of melatonin at 50 and 100 mM increased root length by (12.1–14.5%), root projected area (13.3–16.5%), root surface area (6.4–12.9%), root volume (50.0-50.1%), root tips (7.3–9.1), leaf length (4.0-17.6), leaf width (4.0-5.9%), shoot length (9.2–11.8%), total plant fresh weight (16.8–28.5), and plant height (4.1–10.4%) under cold and normal temperature, as compared with control (0 mM). Moreover, the exogenous application of melatonin increased physiological activity, such as chlorophyll a (21.6–23.8%), chlorophyll b (5.1–5.2%), carotenoids contents (13.5–18.5%), soluble protein content (4.9–6.5%), superoxide dismutase (3.5–4.3%), catalase (23.2–26.1%), peroxidase (8.6–30.3%), and ascorbate peroxidase (4.9–12.7%), while reduced malondialdehyde contents (9.7–22.1%), under cold stress and normal temperature, as compared with control. As a result, it could be concluded that the exogenous supplementation of melatonin improves cotton seedlings, but the 100 mM of melatonin had a pronounced effect on the performance of V1 cotton variety under cold and normal temperatures by mitigating the adverse effect of cold stress.