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<p>This study introduces a novel biofertilization strategy for rice cultivation using periphyton biofilm—a complex microbial ecosystem native to paddy fields—enriched with specific diazotrophic bacteria. For the first time, high-performance nitrogen-fixing strains, including <i>Delftia lacustris</i> and <i>Nostoc</i> sp., were isolated directly from paddy periphyton and used to augment the native biofilm community. The efficacy of this synergistically enriched biofilm was evaluated in controlled greenhouse experiments assessing soil nitrogen dynamics, fertility, and plant growth. Application of the enriched biofilm significantly enhanced soil fertility, increasing total nitrogen (37.8%), ammonium (42.1%), available phosphorus (35.01%), and available potassium (15.36%) compared to controls. This improved nutrient availability translated to superior rice plant growth, with significant increases in plant height, dry weight, and tissue concentrations of N, P, and K. Crucially, the best treatment performed comparably to conventional urea fertilizer. Our findings demonstrate that enriching the native periphyton microbiome with selected diazotrophs creates a powerful, multifunctional biofertilizer. This approach leverages a sustainable ecological niche to enhance nitrogen use efficiency and promote crop growth, offering a promising strategy to significantly reduce dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers in rice production systems.</p>

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Enhancing Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Cultivation Through Diazotrophs-Enriched Periphyton Biofilm

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月21日

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  • Mehran Gholami,
  • Hossein Ali Alikhani,
  • Hassan Etesami,
  • Mostafa Noroozi,
  • Patrick Inglett

摘要

This study introduces a novel biofertilization strategy for rice cultivation using periphyton biofilm—a complex microbial ecosystem native to paddy fields—enriched with specific diazotrophic bacteria. For the first time, high-performance nitrogen-fixing strains, including Delftia lacustris and Nostoc sp., were isolated directly from paddy periphyton and used to augment the native biofilm community. The efficacy of this synergistically enriched biofilm was evaluated in controlled greenhouse experiments assessing soil nitrogen dynamics, fertility, and plant growth. Application of the enriched biofilm significantly enhanced soil fertility, increasing total nitrogen (37.8%), ammonium (42.1%), available phosphorus (35.01%), and available potassium (15.36%) compared to controls. This improved nutrient availability translated to superior rice plant growth, with significant increases in plant height, dry weight, and tissue concentrations of N, P, and K. Crucially, the best treatment performed comparably to conventional urea fertilizer. Our findings demonstrate that enriching the native periphyton microbiome with selected diazotrophs creates a powerful, multifunctional biofertilizer. This approach leverages a sustainable ecological niche to enhance nitrogen use efficiency and promote crop growth, offering a promising strategy to significantly reduce dependence on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers in rice production systems.